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Speech-language development milestones, hierarchies, and charts! Speech and language norms, charts, and milestones are helpful to see a general guideline of development, to help assess, and to structure therapy. They are especially beneficial for parents to gauge their child’s development and if they need to seek out intervention. The rate of development varies from child to child, but it typically occurs in the same pattern. The graphics below show general guidelines for some speech and language milestones! Using these norms as only one piece of the puzzle is important. The “age of acquisition data are not enough for clinical decision making or to determine eligibility for services…consider children’s speech production, perception, comprehensive independent and relational analysis, intelligibility, stimulability, phonological awareness, spelling, reading, academic and social impact, as well as insights from children and significant others in their lives.” (Crowe & McLeod, 2020) While we may want charts showing “normal” or “typical” development, this doesn’t exist. Assigning a rigid timeline of expectations can be harmful given the wide range of variability. We don’t control the numerous factors that affect a child’s overall development. This is why it’s crucial to use norm charts as one piece in assessing a child. What is the difference between a delay and a disorder? A language delay is when a child’s language skills develop in the pattern we expect, but not at the same rate as their peers. A language disorder is when a child is not following the typical pattern of development, for example they may be skipping certain steps. Tip: When reading research and looking at norm charts, be sure you find the criterion for the data represented. For example, if it’s the average (when 50% of children reach the skill) or the milestone (when 90% of children reach the skill.) SPEECH SOUND NORMS I get questions about speech sound development all the time; this is a great way to see the latest research quickly. For reference, Crowe & McLeod came out with a more specific study in 2020 focused solely on the US English language (as opposed to 27 languages in the 2018 research.) And guess what, even more sounds were pushed up to earlier ages! You can download these graphics for free to print them! The file also contains IPA versions of both languages. SPEECH INTELLIGIBILITY NORMS This graphic is updated with the newest research for Hustad, et al. These numbers are based on unfamiliar listeners in an unknown context. You will notice the dark blue is the milestone (when 95% of children at this intelligible) and the light blue is the average (when 50% of children are this intelligible.) The snapshot on the left is a summary the researchers gave as a quick way to remember and recite this new information.

*ADHD in children causes and symptoms*:Children with ADHD may have trouble paying attention, controlling impulsive behaviors (may act without thinking about what the result will be), or be overly active. *Symptoms*:People with ADHD experience an ongoing pattern of the following types of symptoms: Inattention—having difficulty paying attention Hyperactivity—having too much energy or moving and talking too much Impulsivity—acting without thinking or having difficulty with self-control Some people with ADHD mainly have symptoms of inattention. Others mostly have symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity. Some people have both types of symptoms. *People with ADHD experience an ongoing pattern of the following types of symptoms: Inattention—having difficulty paying attention Hyperactivity—having too much energy or moving and talking too much Impulsivity—acting without thinking or having difficulty with self-control Some people with ADHD mainly have symptoms of inattention. Others mostly have symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity. Some people have both types of symptoms. *People with ADHD experience an ongoing pattern of the following types of symptoms: Inattention—having difficulty paying attention Hyperactivity—having too much energy or moving and talking too much Impulsivity—acting without thinking or having difficulty with self-control Some people with ADHD mainly have symptoms of inattention. Others mostly have symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity. Some people have both types of *symptoms*. *Being easily distracted by unrelated thoughts or stimuli *Causes*:Scientists have identified differences in the brain structure and activity of people with ADHD. The frontal lobe is the front part of your brain, the part behind your forehead. The frontal lobe is responsible for planning, paying attention, making decisions and using language to moderate behavior. Researchers call this kind of activity directed attention. The brains of people with ADHD tend to reach their full maturity at a later time than those of neurotypical people. *Other possible causes and risk factors of ADHD may include: *Lead exposure. *Brain anatomy. *Substance use during pregnancy. *Premature birth. *Low birth weight. #RaiseAgainstAutism #PinnacleSaysItAll #PinnacleBloomsNetwork #1AutismTherapyCentresNetwork

Monday all Smiles at Pinnacle blooms network kakinada facility 05/02/2024 #PinnacleAllSmilesMonday #PinnacleAutismFreeIndia #PinnacleAutismFreeWorld #PRAAPinnacleRaiseAgainstAutism is to eradicate Autism & its allied miseries from the face of earth. #1. MiraVerse, Books, Shorts, PinnacleTV, Group Therapies, Anganwadi, T-SAT, Awareness Campaigns, Women & Child Welfare Ministry, Plead to enhance child welfare policy to include testing of sensorial conditions, Enablling Scientific Assessment at FREE of COST in do it by YOURSELF Mode, More, More and Many More .. We do educate families about autism so they can identify the problem early and empower their kid to be self-sufficient, have wonderful life plausible during GOLDEN AGE ITSELF. #2. We do educate entire world around, so everyone knows how to behave / include / adopt / accept/ accommodate kid, person, parents, families going through sensorial conditions such as Autism. Hundreds of Crores of money being invested in this Public Interest - Most Pressing Issue [ 1 in 10,000 in 1990 to 1 in 32 in 2019 - 31200% epidemic disaster growth of spectrum] Being professional who is empowering kids .. Everyone is PROUD to be part of #PRAAPinnacleRaiseAgainstAutism These creatives are not advertisements - These creatives are Sanjeevani, Life Saviours, Fill Hope & Confidence, Removes Pain, Anger, Agony, Save Families from Misery. Be PROUD you are all part of this activity. CALL 9100 181 181 for Franchise, Admissions 24x7 | 365 Days | 18 International, National, Regional Language Whatsapp: https://lnkd.in/dq8knU2 #RaiseAgainstAutism #PinnacleSaysItAll #PinnacleBloomsNetwork #1AutismTherapyCentresNetwork

Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a disorder of movement and posture that appears during infancy or early childhood resulting from damage to the brain. The damage to the brain is permanent and cannot be cured but the earlier we start with intervention the more improvement can be made.Any non-progressive central nervous system (CNS) injury occurring during the first 2 (some say 5) years of life is considered to be CP. There are several definitions of CP within the literature, although these may all vary slightly in the way they are worded they are all similar and can be summarised to Cerebral Palsy is a group of permanent, but not unchanging, disorders of movement and/or posture and of motor function, which are due to a non-progressive interference, lesion, or abnormality of the developing/immature brain.This definition specifically excludes progressive disorders of motor function, defined as loss of previously acquired skills in the first 5 years of life. Time Frame of Brain Injury A diagnosis of CP is given if the brain damage arises during one of the following periods: *Prenatal Period - Conception to the onset of labour *Perinatal Period - 28 weeks intrauterine to 7 days *Postnatal Period -First two (and some say five) years of life *After the age of 5 we speak of stroke or traumatic brain injury.

However, there are some notable differences between the two problems. Speech delay is a problem where a child has difficulty developing speech and language skills. In contrast, autism spectrum disorder is a neurological disorder that affects social skills, learning, communication, and behavior. Children with a speech delay seek out close personal relationships with their parents and peers, respond positively to attention, and mimic the behaviors of people around them. A child with a speech delay tends to naturally use body language and eye contact. Autistic children, on the other hand, may have trouble with social interaction, play skills, communication, and behavior. Children with autism may prefer to be alone. Another way to differentiate between a speech delay and autism is by looking at speech patterns. Children with speech delays will often have difficulty producing specific speech sounds. Autistic children may also have trouble making speech sounds, but they may also use persistent repetition of words or phrases (echolalia). Children with speech delays may also have difficulty with motor skills. They may have trouble with coordination tasks, such as writing or using scissors. Children with autism may also have difficulty with motor skills, but they may also exhibit repetitive body movements, such as hand spinning or flapping.

What is Down syndrome? Down syndrome is a genetic condition that happens when a child is born with an extra chromosome. The extra chromosome affects the way the child’s brain and body develop, leading to developmental delays, intellectual disability, and an increased risk for certain medical issues. Down syndrome and intellectual disability: Most children with Down syndrome have some level of intellectual disability ? usually in the mild to moderate range. People with mild intellectual disability are usually able to learn how to do everyday things like read, hold a job, and take public transportation on their own. People with moderate intellectual disability usually need more support. How we care for Down syndrome: The Boston Children’s Hospital Down Syndrome Program is one of the oldest and largest programs for children with Down syndrome and their families. The program is a subspecialty of the Developmental Medicine Center. From their first visit at Boston Children’s, new parents work with a team of professionals committed to supporting all of their child’s clinical, physical, and emotional needs. We provide specialized medical care, resources, support, and advocacy for children with Down syndrome from birth through age 22 and regularly make referrals to other specialty clinics at Boston Children's, depending on a child’s needs. We also help put parents in touch with other families with Down syndrome and connect them to community and educational services appropriate for their child. What causes Down syndrome? Down syndrome is a common genetic condition that occurs when a child has an extra copy of chromosome 21. Chromosomes are structures inside every human cell that contain DNA. These tiny structures that children inherit from their parents play a key role in determining how a baby develops, for instance, whether they will be tall or short, have dark or light skin, or curly or straight hair. Normally, a mother's egg and a father's sperm each start out with 23 chromosomes. When the egg and sperm meet at conception, a child inherits 23 chromosomes from each parent, ending up with a total 46 chromosomes. What are the symptoms of Down syndrome? Down syndrome can affect children physically, cognitively, and behaviorally. Every child with the condition is unique and may possess the following characteristics to different degrees, or not at all. Diagnostic tests Diagnostic tests can determine whether a fetus has Down syndrome with nearly 100 percent accuracy. However, because these tests require using a needle to obtain a sample from within the uterus, they carry a small increased risk of miscarriage and other complications. How is Down syndrome treated? While there is no cure for Down syndrome, there are a variety of treatments and therapies to address a child's unique medical issues and developmental profile.

Monday all Smiles at Pinnacle blooms network kakinada facility 29/01/2024 #PinnacleAllSmilesMonday #PinnacleAutismFreeIndia #PinnacleAutismFreeWorld #PRAAPinnacleRaiseAgainstAutism is to eradicate Autism & its allied miseries from the face of earth. #1. MiraVerse, Books, Shorts, PinnacleTV, Group Therapies, Anganwadi, T-SAT, Awareness Campaigns, Women & Child Welfare Ministry, Plead to enhance child welfare policy to include testing of sensorial conditions, Enablling Scientific Assessment at FREE of COST in do it by YOURSELF Mode, More, More and Many More .. We do educate families about autism so they can identify the problem early and empower their kid to be self-sufficient, have wonderful life plausible during GOLDEN AGE ITSELF. #2. We do educate entire world around, so everyone knows how to behave / include / adopt / accept/ accommodate kid, person, parents, families going through sensorial conditions such as Autism. Hundreds of Crores of money being invested in this Public Interest - Most Pressing Issue [ 1 in 10,000 in 1990 to 1 in 32 in 2019 - 31200% epidemic disaster growth of spectrum] Being professional who is empowering kids .. Everyone is PROUD to be part of #PRAAPinnacleRaiseAgainstAutism These creatives are not advertisements - These creatives are Sanjeevani, Life Saviours, Fill Hope & Confidence, Removes Pain, Anger, Agony, Save Families from Misery. Be PROUD you are all part of this activity. CALL 9100 181 181 for Franchise, Admissions 24x7 | 365 Days | 18 International, National, Regional Language Whatsapp: https://lnkd.in/dq8knU2 #RaiseAgainstAutism #PinnacleSaysItAll #PinnacleBloomsNetwork #1AutismTherapyCentresNetwork

Improving writting skills : Writing skills include all the knowledge and abilities related to expressing yourself through the written word. It is a sound understanding of language through grammar, spelling and punctuation. People with excellent writing skills can tailor their tone and word choice to different situations and people. *Steps of writting skills : While no guide can help you find what situations will work best for you to write, there are steps in the writing process that promote a cleaner, better final draft. The general steps are: discovery,investigation, prewriting, drafting, revising, and editing. *characteristics of writting skills : The following is a brief description of five qualities of good writing: focus, development, unity, coherence, and correctness. The qualities described here are especially important for academic and expository writing. *Importance of writting skills : Writing skill equips us with communication and thinking skill It also fosters our ability to explain and refine our ideas to others and ourselves. Writing skills are an important part of communication. *Tips of improving writting skills : #Review grammar and spelling basics. #Grammar and spelling form the foundation of good writing. #Read what you want to write. Knowing what a finished piece of writing can look like can #guide your own. #Proofread. #Get feedback. #Think about structure. #Write. #Know some common fixes.

Today Collab is Flat foot Pes planus/ pes planovalgus (or flat foot) is the loss of the medial longitudinal arch of the foot, heel valgus deformity, and medial talar prominence. This is often observed with the medial arch of the foot coming closer (than typically expected) to the ground or making contact with the ground.All typically developing infants are born with flexible flat feet, with arch development first seen around 3 years of age and then often only attaining adult values in arch height between 7 and 10 years of age. Congenital pes planus is classified as developing in the first years of life. Both flexible Flat foot and rigid flat foot can be present.At birth and within early childhood pes planus is a typical observation of development and is termed flexible flat foot (FF). It is attributed to osseous and ligamentous laxity, immature neuromuscular control, and the presence of adipose tissue under the medial longitudinal arch (MLA), making the arch appear flat.In fact, during the early years of gait in toddler years, a child will use their entire foot on the ground for balance. A shift of their weight-bearing axis to the 1st or 2nd metatarsal joint induces a flatfoot posture.

Definition “Paralinguistic communication” has been defined as “not WHAT you say, but THE WAY you say it.” Paralanguage, sometimes known as nonverbal communication, is communication by means other than words, although (usually) operating alongside language. Paralanguage is often impaired in people with autism spectrum disorder, to a lesser or, more often, greater degree than their language. Here, prosody (also known as intonation) and voice, which operate in conjunction with speech, are considered. More peripheral aspects of paralanguage would include eye-gaze, body language, and gesture: all often impaired in ASD. “Prosody” is an umbrella term for modulations of the speech stream in terms of its loudness, length, and pitch. These modulations manifest themselves as the relative duration of syllables (determining speech-rhythm and speech-rate), the placing and quantity of stress in words, and changes of pitch (which produce pitch-patterns or contours). These affect the linguistic impact...