Zscaler Private Access (ZPA) App Connector questions and answers

ZPA interview questions and answers -

Zscaler Private Access (ZPA) App Connector questions and?answers

ZPA App Connector Interview Questions and Answers

1. What is a ZPA App Connector, and what role does it play in Zscaler Private?Access?

The ZPA App Connector is a lightweight Linux implementation, deployed as a VM or RPM, that connects the internal network of an organization to the ZPA cloud. It is the only component of ZPA that connects directly to the customer’s internal network or a cloud environment adjacent to the private applications. The App Connector initiates all outbound connections to the ZPA cloud, establishing secure encrypted tunnels (Z Tunnels) between the internal applications and users, enabling secure remote access.

2. What are the requirements for deploying a ZPA App Connector?

To deploy a ZPA App Connector, the following requirements must be met: - Operating System: CentOS 7.2+, Oracle Linux 7.2+, or Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.2+. - Cloud Services: Supported on AWS, Microsoft Azure, VMware, and Microsoft HyperV. - Network Requirements: The App Connector must have network connectivity with both internal and external hosts, with the ability to resolve DNS. It must also be able to connect to the ZPA infrastructure via port 443. - Provisioning Key: A valid provisioning key is required to enroll the App Connector to the ZPA cloud.

3. How does the ZPA App Connector ensure secure communication with the ZPA infrastructure?

The ZPA App Connector ensures secure communication by establishing an outbound TLS connection to the nearest healthy ZPA Public Service Edge. During the enrollment process, the App Connector generates its own key pairs and uses a provisioning key to authenticate with the ZPA cloud, receiving signed TLS client identity and server certificates. These certificates are pinned to the App Connector’s hardware, ensuring that the App Connector is securely authenticated and encrypted when communicating with the ZPA infrastructure.

4. What are the best practices for scaling and redundancy of ZPA App Connectors?

Best practices for scaling and redundancy of ZPA App Connectors include: - Deploying Multiple App Connectors: To increase capacity and provide redundancy, multiple App Connectors should be deployed rather than scaling up a single App Connector. This approach ensures minimal disruption in case of a failure or during updates. - Deploying in Pairs: Zscaler recommends deploying App Connectors in pairs to ensure continuous availability, especially during software updates. - Load Distribution: Avoid assigning all traffic to a few high-capacity App Connectors. Instead, distribute the load across multiple connectors to prevent a single point of failure from affecting large volumes of traffic.

5. What happens if you try to inspect ZPA App Connector traffic using SSL inspection?

If you attempt to inspect ZPA App Connector traffic using in-line SSL inspection, the establishment of Z Tunnels will fail. The App Connector performs strict certificate pinning for both client and server certificates. If the certificates presented by the ZPA Service Edges cannot be cryptographically verified due to SSL inspection, the Z Tunnels will not be established, as the certificate validation process is non-configurable by design.

6. How do you update the software of a ZPA App Connector?

ZPA App Connectors can be updated either automatically or manually: - Automatic Updates: App Connectors can be scheduled to update automatically during a defined 4-hour update window. The update process occurs one connector at a time within the group to minimize disruption. - Manual Updates: You can initiate a manual update from the ZPA Admin Portal using the ‘Update Now’ option or from the App Connector CLI using commands like ‘sudo yum update -y’ followed by ‘sudo reboot’.

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