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Last updated on 2024年5月25日

How can you use robocopy to copy files and directories?

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Robocopy is a powerful command-line tool that can copy files and directories between local and remote locations, with many options to customize the operation. It is especially useful for backing up data, synchronizing folders, and migrating files across different drives or networks. In this article, you will learn how to use robocopy to copy files and directories, and some of the most common and useful switches that you can apply.

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1 Basic syntax

The basic syntax of robocopy is: robocopy source destination [file [file]...] [options] The source and destination are the paths of the folders that you want to copy from and to. You can use a drive letter, a UNC path, or an IP address. You can also specify one or more files to copy, or use wildcards to copy all files or files that match a certain pattern. The options are switches that modify the behavior of robocopy, such as copying subfolders, attributes, permissions, timestamps, and so on. You can use a slash (/) or a dash (-) to indicate a switch.

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Ahmed Ragab

IT Services
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all what u need is this command : robocopy \\servername\partition letter$\folder \\server2\partition letter$\2ndserver\folder /E /S V /MIR

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Mario Petraglia

Administrador Microsoft | Windows Server | Exchange | Microsoft 365 | Azure | Itil V4 | Agile Scrum
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A sintaxe básica do Robocopy inclui op??es de destino e de origem do Robocopy. Existem vários casos de uso da utiliza??o desta ferramenta de sistema operacional embutida para executar muitas tarefas do dia a dia fácil para os administradores. Você pode combinar diferentes op??es para copiar as pastas e o conteúdo da origem para o destino apenas usando o comando abaixo: robocopy \servidor1\D$\source\Copy1 \server2\D$\Dest\Copy1 /E /S V /MIR Isso garante que a pasta copy1 será copiada para o server2 com todo o conteúdo e permiss?es concedidas.

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Uddave Jajoo

CTA(Citrix Technology Advocate)| CUGC Leader | CloudTech Evangelist | Virtualization Expert/Citrix/Azure Cloud/VDI/DAAS/EUC Architect | 3x Azure | 3x Citrix | 2x VMware, Certified Professional
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The Robocopy basic syntax includes robocopy source destination switches There are several use cases of utilizing this inbuilt OS tool to perform lot of day to day tasks easy for admins. I was working on a project and got the requirement to implement the robust copy paste procedure for the directories to be in sync with each other. After copying the files it was required to run an automated script that will configure the required servers with policies. I combined different switches to copy the folders and contents from source to destination just by using the below command robocopy \\server1\D$\source\Copy1 \\server2\D$\Dest\Copy1 /E /S V /MIR This ensured that folder copy1 will be copied to server2 with all contents and permissions.

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2 Basic examples

Here are some basic examples of using robocopy to copy files and directories: robocopy C:\Users\John D:\Backup This command copies all files and subfolders from the C:\Users\John folder to the D:\Backup folder. robocopy C:\Users\John D:\Backup *.docx *.pdf /S This command copies only the files with the .docx and .pdf extensions from the C:\Users\John folder and its subfolders to the D:\Backup folder. The /S switch means to copy subfolders, but not empty ones. robocopy \\Server1\Share1 \\Server2\Share2 /E /Z /R:3 /W:10 This command copies all files and subfolders, including empty ones, from the \\Server1\Share1 network share to the \\Server2\Share2 network share. The /E switch means to copy subfolders, including empty ones. The /Z switch means to use restartable mode, which resumes the copy if the connection is lost or interrupted. The /R:3 switch means to retry 3 times if a file cannot be copied. The /W:10 switch means to wait 10 seconds between retries.

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Abid Qureshi

Information Security Engineer at Info Guard Technologies LLC
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robocopy D:\ E:\ /E /COPYALL /R:3 /W:10 /LOG:C:\robocopy_log.txt Explanation of the Command: D:\: The source directory (in this case, the root of the D: drive). E:\: The destination directory (in this case, the root of the E: drive). /E: Copies all subdirectories, including empty ones. /COPYALL: Copies all file information, including data, attributes, timestamps, NTFS ACLs, owner information, and auditing information. /R:3: Specifies the number of retries on failed copies (in this case, 3 retries). /W:10: Specifies the wait time between retries in seconds (in this case, 10 seconds). /LOG: C:\robocopy_log.txt: Outputs the log of the operation to a specified file (in this case, C:\robocopy_log.txt).

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3 Common switches

There are many switches that you can use with robocopy, but here are some of the most common and useful ones:

/MIR: This switch mirrors the source folder to the destination folder, meaning that it deletes any files or folders in the destination that are not in the source. This is useful for synchronizing folders or creating exact backups.

/MOV or /MOVE: These switches move the files or folders from the source to the destination, instead of copying them. The difference is that /MOV deletes only the files that are moved, while /MOVE deletes both the files and the folders that are moved.

/SEC or /COPY:DATS: These switches copy the security information, such as permissions, owner, and audit settings, along with the data and attributes of the files or folders. The /SEC switch is equivalent to /COPY:DATS, where D stands for data, A for attributes, T for timestamp, and S for security.

/XO or /XN: These switches exclude older or newer files from being copied, based on the timestamp comparison. The /XO switch excludes older files, meaning that it does not overwrite newer files in the destination with older files from the source. The /XN switch excludes newer files, meaning that it does not overwrite older files in the destination with newer files from the source.

/LOG or /LOG+: These switches create a log file that records the details of the robocopy operation, such as the files copied, skipped, failed, or deleted. The /LOG switch overwrites the existing log file, while the /LOG+ switch appends to the existing log file. You can specify the name and location of the log file after the switch, or use the default name robocopy.log in the current folder.

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4 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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How can you use robocopy to copy files and directories?

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1 Basic syntax

2 Basic examples

3 Common switches

4 Here’s what else to consider

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How can you use robocopy to copy files and directories?

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1 Basic syntax

2 Basic examples

3 Common switches

4 Here’s what else to consider

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