A World Without Resistors

I am telling you to get ready for a new world of circuits without resistors.? We are using intoxicated violent electrons moving at random celebrating freedom. They? will be? prohibited in the new world. Only trained and disciplined electrons marching to a band in an orderly? manner will be allowed . The French electrons will not be happy without wine. So we may consider allowing the monks a glass of wine. Even for cooking we will not use gas stoves. Periodicity and predictability are the game we have to play to retard climate change.

We are used to getting work done by? electrons with Infinite freedom without responsibility. That is not a value. They must obey divine laws. Thus there? will be no entropy created unnecessarily. Our forefathers used to let the random movement of heat? when they lit a fire to boil water. Even that we can do with trained? electrons. This is using a microwave oven instead of a hot plate. This way our environment will have to maintain equilibrium with the heat supplied by the Sun: no-more or no-less.?

So how do we do all this?. We will write a new book. All circuits will only use orderly-electrons to do any work. We will show how to do this. This is my parting-gift to humanity.?

We will only have capacitors , oxides, semiconductors and metal. The laws in this world are not written by slave owners or colonial kings. They are written by Gods. It is by enforcing order and love and not violent punishment. There is nothing to resist except resistance itself.?

In the next few articles I will show you how to do this with circuits.?I have to draw many diagrams There is nothing new. You know everything I am going to say. We can do all this with silicon. Our younger generation will be able to do better. That is the purpose of evolution. Nobody needs to worry. No jobs will be lost. No need for communism or robbing the rich by violence.?

We establish order rigorously. Everything will be done periodically like our heart does. Nature has proven over billions of years the way to do this. Greed cannot be tolerated to the extent of wiping out civilization. So here is the deal.

?We will package electrons Into larger packets. The granularity ot the of the packet will be scaled. So the frequency of the magnitudes of voltage and current can be decided to meet the requirement of the load or job at hand. For heavy lifting jobs we will need more voltage and more current. For more voltage we must add voltages in series, and for more current we add currents in parallel. This is common sense. This is why we do scaling for the job at hand.?

The purpose of PN junctions is not to add and subtract but multiply and divide using the simple math we learned namely logarithm and antilog called exponential. Most? of you know this. Quantum mechanics is not essential at this stage, but will help for improvements by our next generation. For now, we, the old Newtonians, can do the job by error-correction rather than radical changes. This is simply by doing things in an orderly fashion. The key changes are the following.

We are going to think in a discrete rather than continuous world. Charge is considered discrete so we can package electrons to countable sizes. As they are, they are too tiny to count. But they are incredibly fast. So we can make the packages a little bigger. We do not want to go back to the large cars having a living-room with toilets and kitchen-sink in vehicles moving on our roads. We should consider scaling down our aircrafts. We are ok otherwise.?

The major change is current. It is the packages moving at a clock rate? of? the system. For utilities power-supplies, the packages wiil be bigger. For computing it will be? smaller. For signal-processing jobs of biological or biomedical? signals, and applications for audio, video, ultrasound etc., it will be even smaller .?

We hope that our war machine will be history. It is a waste. We cannot use the bombs we have. So forget that history. The Military will help Poor countries. So analog and digital will continue except That we will use AI to cut down the resolution, precision, in large? dynamic range needs substantially by mimicking nature so that we can simplify thehardware and software. The idea is to use all the experience of our older generation. AI is nothing but using data from our previous experience in a systematic way.??

So be prepared for the simple changes in our attitude and behavior.?The? big change is that we are giving up the use of opamps and unity-gain buffers.? The biggest change is abandoning the need for large? quiescent bias-currents. Linearity is established by Legendre transform rather than source and load -resistance matching. The idea is to do nonlinear matching to straighten-out the convex by concave curvature. Instead of point by point matching of the first derivative, The nonlinear matching called-translinearity is a more energy efficient matching avoiding the need for large quiescent currents. My meditation says this clearly. Legendre was not concerned about nickels and dimes. I am. This is the advantage of not being born as a son-of-a-rich. In fact we will be matching all derivatives. You do know that every derivative of the even Cosh(.) is the integral of the preceding odd sinh(.)making the tanh(.) look resistive!?

I want you to understand that large loads are going to need transistors that are huge. In our current? bad designs we carry large quiescent currents at high voltage to get small signal linearity. That needs water- cooling-radiators. Volkswagen cars use air-cooling???

Now we have fast curvatures created by? quick spins or small sudden jumps around the curves at faster rates. It is easier to see this play out in derivative space. But you will get used to this by chanting the Pradakshina mantra.?

With these ideas all of you will be able to draw the new circuits. If not I will tell you the mantras. Remember: voltages add in series. Currents add in parallel. Subtraction needs additive inverse and add. You have to worry about CMRR arising from the gain-error in the additive inversion step before summing. For analog-multiply and divide operations both Barry Gilbert and I used PN junctions with log and antilog characteristics.

Square and Square-root are also functional inverses that means they are Legendre transform pairs. Simply all circuits use translinear voltage and current mirrors. The MOSFET is an operational current- amplifier. It will help to define a virtual ground in much simpler circuit topologies and large open loop? current gain by summing small voltages in the logarithmic KVL loop multiplying currents when we get back to the current output.????