Working principle, advantages and disadvantages of ground source heat pump

Technical principle of ground-source heat pump: Ground-source heat pump is an efficient, energy-saving and environment-friendly air-conditioning system, which uses the shallow geothermal resources to both heat and cool. Ground source heat pump can transfer energy from low-temperature heat source to high-temperature heat source by inputting a small amount of high-grade energy (electric energy). In winter, the heat in the soil is "taken out" and supplied indoors for heating after the temperature is raised; In summer, the indoor heat is taken out and released into the soil, and the underground temperature can be balanced all the year round.

Advantages of ground source heat pump:

1. Ground source heat pump technology belongs to renewable energy utilization technology.

Ground source heat pump (GSHP) is a heating and air conditioning system that uses the shallow geothermal resources on the earth's surface (usually less than 400 meters deep) as the cold and heat sources for energy conversion. Shallow geothermal resources can be called EarthEnergy, which refers to the low-temperature potential heat energy stored in the surface soil, groundwater or rivers and lakes that absorb solar energy and geothermal energy. The shallow layer is a huge solar collector, which collects 47% of the solar energy, which is more than 500 times of the energy used by human beings every year. It is not limited by regions, resources, etc., and it is really large in quantity, wide in scope and ubiquitous. This kind of renewable energy, which is stored in the shallow layer of the earth's surface, makes the ground energy a form of clean renewable energy.

2. Ground source heat pump is an economical and effective energy-saving technology.

The temperature of geothermal energy or shallow geothermal resources is relatively stable all the year round, which is higher than that of ambient air in winter and lower than that of ambient air in summer. It is a good heat source of heat pump and cold source of air conditioning. This temperature characteristic makes the operation efficiency of ground source heat pump 40% higher than that of traditional air conditioning system, so it is necessary to save energy and operating costs by about 40%. In addition, the constant temperature of the ground energy makes the heat pump unit run more reliably and stably, and also ensures the high efficiency and economy of the system.?

According to the estimation of EPA, a well-designed ground source heat pump can save 30 ~ 40% of the operating cost of heating, cooling and air conditioning.

3. The environmental benefits of ground source heat pump are remarkable.

Compared with air-source heat pump, the pollutant emission of ground-source heat pump is reduced by more than 40%, and compared with electric heating, it is reduced by more than 70%. If combined with other energy-saving measures, the energy-saving and emission-reduction will be more obvious. Although refrigerant is also used, the filling amount is reduced by 25% compared with that of conventional air conditioners; Self-contained system, that is, the device can be completely sealed in the factory workshop in advance, so the probability of refrigerant leakage is greatly reduced. The operation of the device has no pollution, can be built in residential areas, has no combustion, no smoke exhaust, no waste, does not need a place for stacking fuel waste, and does not need long-distance heat transfer.

4. The ground source heat pump has multiple functions.

Ground source heat pump system with a wide range of applications can be used for heating, air conditioning and domestic hot water. One machine has multiple functions, and one system can replace the original two sets of devices or systems of boiler and air conditioning. It can be used in hotels, shopping malls, office buildings, schools and other buildings, and is more suitable for heating and air conditioning of villas.

5. Ground source heat pump air conditioning system has low maintenance cost.

Under the same conditions, buildings with ground source heat pump system can reduce the maintenance cost. Ground-source heat pump is very durable, and its mechanical moving parts are very few. All parts are either buried underground or installed indoors, thus avoiding the bad weather outdoors. The underground part can be guaranteed for 50 years, and the above-ground part can be guaranteed for 30 years. Therefore, ground-source heat pump is a maintenance-free air conditioner, which saves the maintenance cost, so that the user's investment can be recovered in about 3 years.

In addition, the unit has a long service life, which is more than 15 years; Compact unit, saving space; High degree of automatic control and unattended operation.

Disadvantages of ground source heat pump:

Of course, like anything else, ground source heat pump is not perfect. For example, its application will be affected by energy policies and fuel prices of different regions, different users and countries. One-time investment and operating costs will vary with different users; The use of groundwater will be restricted by local groundwater resources.