Windows Storage 0-Day Vulnerability Lets Attackers Delete Target Files Remotely

1. Introduction

The Windows Storage 0-day vulnerability (CVE-2025-21391) has been classified as an Elevation of Privilege (EoP) vulnerability, rated as "Important" with a CVSS score of 7.1. It allows attackers to delete crucial files remotely by leveraging improper file access permissions.

This vulnerability was disclosed on February 11, 2025, and exploits a flaw known as "Improper Link Resolution Before File Access" (CWE-59). Attackers can manipulate file permissions to delete files, causing disruptions.

2. Vulnerability Details

2.1 Severity and Exploitability

• CVE ID: CVE-2025-21391
• CVSS Score: 7.1 (Moderate to High risk)
• Attack Vector: Local (AV:L)
• Attack Complexity: Low (AC:L)
• Privileges Required: Low (PR:L)
• Confidentiality Impact: None (C:N)
• Integrity Impact: High (I:H)
• Availability Impact: High (A:H)

Microsoft researchers noted that although attackers cannot steal sensitive information, they can delete important files, potentially disrupting critical system operations.

2.2 Exploitation in the Wild

• The vulnerability has been actively exploited in real-world attacks.
• Attackers can delete files to cause system failures or disrupt services.
• Affected versions include Windows Server (2016, 2019, 2022) and Windows 10/11 (various versions).
• Both x64 and ARM64 architectures are impacted.

3. Protection and Mitigation

3.1 How to Protect Your System

To defend against this vulnerability, follow these steps:

• Apply the latest Microsoft updates: Install the "Microsoft Patch Tuesday February 2025 update."
• Monitor system logs: Use security tools like Windows Defender and Sysmon to detect unauthorized file deletions.
• Restrict permissions: Limit access to critical system files and directories.
• Use endpoint protection solutions: Advanced security tools can help detect and prevent exploitation.

4. Conclusion

CVE-2025-21391 is a serious vulnerability that can allow attackers to delete critical files, potentially leading to system failure. Organizations and users must apply security updates immediately and implement protective measures to safeguard their data.

Stay updated and prioritize cybersecurity to keep your systems secure!

5. References

• Microsoft Security Advisory (February 2025)
• MITRE CWE-59: Improper Link Resolution Before File Access
• CVE-2025-21391 Analysis Reports