Why Life on Land is Crucial for Our Planet

Forests, covering nearly a third of our planet's land area, are indispensable to sustaining life and maintaining ecological balance. They provide critical ecosystem services that are essential for human well-being, biodiversity, and climate stability. However, the rapid loss and degradation of forests have profound implications:

The Impact of Forest Loss

Biodiversity: Forests harbour more than 80% of terrestrial species, making them vital centers of biodiversity. Deforestation and degradation threaten countless species with extinction, disrupting ecosystems on a global scale. In Nigeria, deforestation, especially to meet energy needs and expand agricultural land is another serious direct cause of desertification in the region. More than 70 per cent of the nation’s population depends on fuel wood. It is feared that the country might be left with no forest in the very near future owing to the present level of deforestation activities. Already it is estimated that more than 13 million tonnes of soil are washed away into the sea annually. It is also feared that if the current rate of tropical forests deforestation is maintained, the tropical forests could be almost entirely harvested by the year 2050, thus devastatingly contributing to climate change, loss of biodiversity, land degradation and desertification.

Climate Change: Forests play a crucial role in mitigating climate change by absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Their destruction contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions, exacerbating global warming and altering weather patterns. Nigeria is strongly predisposed to severe negative impacts of climate change due to its fragile economy, weak resilience, and low adaptive capacity. Much of the economy is dependent on climate-sensitive resources. For example, the agriculture, forestry, and fishing sectors employ up to 70% of the workforce. Its fossil fuel-dependent economy will be particularly vulnerable to climate change-induced frequent and severe extreme events, such as floods and droughts.

Effects on Human Health

The health implications of forest loss are substantial:

Air Quality: Forests act as natural air filters, improving air quality by absorbing pollutants and releasing oxygen.

Water Resources: Forests regulate water cycles, helping to maintain clean water sources and prevent soil erosion that can lead to water contamination.

Food Security: Forests support agriculture by providing fertile soils, pollinators, and wild foods, which are essential for global food security.

?Conservation Strategies

To address these challenges, proactive measures are crucial:

Sustainable Practices: Adopting sustainable lifestyles, such as recycling, reducing waste, and supporting locally sourced and sustainably produced goods.

Tree Planting and Restoration: Engaging local and indigenous communities in tree planting initiatives and restoration projects tailored to their needs and cultural practices. This approach ensures sustainable land use and fosters community resilience.

Agroforestry: Promoting agroforestry practices that integrate trees into agricultural landscapes, preserving forested areas while enhancing soil fertility and providing additional income sources for communities.

?Case Study: RUWAI Initiative in Rural Nigeria

The RUWAI initiative exemplifies effective community engagement and conservation:

Community Empowerment: Empowering local communities in rural Nigeria to lead conservation efforts, respecting their cultural heritage and traditional knowledge.

Sustainable Management: Integrating indigenous practices into land management strategies to ensure sustainable resource use and improve livelihoods.

?UN SDG Goal 15: Life on Land

Goal 15 underscores the foundational role of land in sustainable development:

Foundation for Sustainability: Land is essential for agriculture, biodiversity conservation, and ecosystem stability, forming the basis for achieving all other sustainable development goals.

Global Impact: Effective land management is crucial for securing resources, protecting ecosystems, and promoting sustainable economic growth worldwide.

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In conclusion, Life on land requires equitable and sustainable land management practices. By prioritizing inclusive approaches, innovative restoration efforts, and respecting indigenous knowledge, we can safeguard our forests and ensure a sustainable future for generations to come.

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