Why copy constructor must collect the arguments with reference only

In C++, copy constructors should generally take their argument by reference to avoid unnecessary copying of objects. If the argument is passed by value, the copy constructor would be called recursively to make a copy of the argument, resulting in an infinite loop and stack overflow.

Passing by reference ensures that the copy constructor works correctly and efficiently. When an object is passed by reference, only the memory address of the object is passed, not the entire object itself. This means that the copy constructor can create a new object that refers to the same memory location as the original object, without having to make a full copy of the object.

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