Why is CGR Sri Lanka able to have strikes whenever they want?

The Sri Lanka Railways (CGR) employees have the ability to initiate strikes due to several factors:

1. Unionization and Collective Bargaining Rights: Railway workers in Sri Lanka are organized into unions, such as the Sri Lanka Railways Station Masters' Union (SLRSMU) and the Locomotive Operating Engineers' Union. These unions advocate for workers' rights, including the ability to strike when negotiations with the government or management reach an impasse.
2. Legal Framework: While the government can declare certain services as essential—thereby restricting strike actions—such declarations are often temporary. For instance, during a railway strike in September 2023, the government deployed army troops to railway stations to maintain operations, highlighting the challenges in enforcing such declarations.
3. Historical Precedent: Strikes have been a recurring method for railway unions to address grievances. In July 2024, a railway union strike halted most trains across Sri Lanka, leaving tens of thousands of passengers stranded. The strike was initiated to demand that vacancies be filled and other administrative issues be resolved.
4. Operational Challenges: The railway sector in Sri Lanka faces issues such as poorly maintained infrastructure and frequent delays. These challenges often lead to worker dissatisfaction and subsequent strikes. For example, in June 2024, more than 30 train services were canceled due to a strike by the Locomotive Operating Engineers' Union over promotion and recruitment delays.

In summary, the combination of strong union presence, legal provisions for collective action, historical patterns of labor disputes, and ongoing operational challenges contribute to the ability of CGR employees to initiate strikes.