What We Can Learn from Chinese Women’s Health in the UK

In the rich mosaic of the United Kingdom’s population, the health outcomes of different ethnic groups tell a fascinating story. Some not so good, others a beacon of what can be.

Among these groups, women of Chinese ethnicity stand out as having some of the best health indicators in the country. These outcomes, which have been observed across multiple health metrics, offer valuable insights into how lifestyle, social structures, and healthcare engagement shape well being.

As we approach International Women’s Day, I was curious to understand the factors behind these remarkable outcomes and consider what lessons they offer for women’s health more broadly.

Studies have consistently found that Chinese women in the UK report lower incidences of chronic illness and better overall health compared to their counterparts from other ethnic groups. From the Office for National Statistics (2021) to the Office for Health Improvement and Disparities(2023) and the Commission on Race and Ethnic Disparities (2021).

As early as 2001, census data revealed that Chinese men and women were the least likely to report their health as "not good", and they also had the lowest rates of long-term illnesses or disabilities restricting daily activities. More recent studies reinforce these findings. In 2021, for example, Chinese individuals had the lowest smoking prevalence in the UK, with only 5.2% identified as smokers, and even lower 1.7% among Chinese women. In contrast, the general UK population saw far higher rates. Similarly, obesity levels among British Chinese stood at just 37.5%, compared to 63.5% for the broader population.

What underpins these exceptional health outcomes?

What makes this so unique?

The answer lies in a complex combination of health conscious behaviours, socioeconomic factors, cultural traditions, and strong community ties.

As I mentioned before, there are low rates of smoking and alcohol consumption among Chinese women. Smoking is a major contributor to a range of chronic illnesses in the broader population, including as a contributor to cardiovascular disease, and it remains rare within this community, particularly among women. Similarly, alcohol consumption, which is can be a contributor to liver disease, cancer, and mental health issues in the wider population, is relatively modest compared to national averages. These lifestyle choices alone contribute significantly to long term health advantages.

Over the past few decades, the British Chinese community has made impressive socioeconomic strides, with high levels of educational attainment and employment stability. Studies indicate that they are less likely to lean into welfare support and tend to secure jobs with better financial prospects. These advantages translate into better access to healthcare, healthier living environments, and increased health literacy.

Beyond the economic standing, we cannot ignore cultural traditions and approaches to diet and healthcare. Traditional Chinese diets, rich in vegetables, lean proteins, and herbal influences, are inherently healthier than the highly processed, high fat diets commonly found in the UK and other Global North/ Western cultures. There is also a strong emphasis on preventive healthcare within Chinese culture. Rather than seeking medical assistance only when illness arises, many Chinese individuals prioritise maintaining balance and well-being through practices such as herbal medicine, Tai Chi, and acupuncture. Whilst a lot of Western healthcare will shun things such as traditional medicine or homeopathy, this proactive approach to health seems to foster longevity and resilience against chronic disease in the UK Chinese community.

Finally, there is a strong sense of social cohesion and strong familial networks that play an undeniable role in supporting both physical and mental well-being. Within Chinese communities, multigenerational living arrangements and tight-knit family structures provide emotional and social support, which can act as a buffer against stress and mental health challenges. Loneliness and social isolation, which are growing public health concerns in the UK, are far less common in cultures that prioritise interdependence and communal responsibility.

So, what can we learn from these outcomes?

Firstly, the impact of lifestyle choices cannot be overstated. The low smoking and alcohol consumption rates among Chinese women highlight the tangible benefits of making informed, health-conscious decisions. Public health campaigns aimed at reducing smoking and excessive drinking could benefit from understanding the social and cultural reasons behind the Chinese community’s lower engagement with these habits.

Secondly, tackling the socioeconomic determinants of health remains critical. The British Chinese community’s strong emphasis on education and economic self-sufficiency correlates with better health outcomes, reinforcing the argument that policies aimed at reducing educational and employment disparities can have lasting health benefits across all communities.

Finally, there is much to be said for the Chinese approach to preventative care and holistic well being. The Western healthcare model often focuses on treating illness rather than preventing it. Some refer to the model as sickcare rather than healthcare, where the priority is on pharmaceuticals and insurance as opposed to a more holistic lifestyle that gets women thinking more about their health outocmes. There is surely a clue in here to place greater emphasis on balance, dietary health, and mental well being to help address the UK’s rising rates of lifestyle-related diseases.

It is important to note that across the various ethnic groups of women in the UK the challenges are complex and different. From sickle cell to fibroids, endometriosis to maternal mortality, many others speak on this complexity and I would never dream of diminishing those factors, but I found it fascinating to explore the core reasons behind why Chinese women in the UK have such favourable health outcomes.

As we celebrate International Women’s Day, recognising and learning from the positive health outcomes of Chinese women in the UK can serve as a reminder that health is shaped by far more than genetics or medical intervention. Maybe it is also a product of culture, community, and the daily choices we make and a whole rethinking of the way the healthcare system treats and interacts with women of all ethnicities.