What are the signs of diabetes?

Diabetes is a long-term (chronic) illness that affects how your body converts food into energy.

The majority of the food you consume is converted by your body into sugar (glucose), which is then released into your bloodstream. Your pancreas releases insulin when your blood sugar levels rise. For blood sugar to enter your body's cells and be used as energy, insulin functions like a key.

Diabetes symptoms include:

• Increased urination and thirst
• Increased appetite
• Fatigue
• Fuzzy vision
• Tingling or numbness in the hands or feet
• Wounds that never heal
• Unaccounted-for weight loss

Diabetes symptoms might appear suddenly, within a few weeks. Type 2 diabetes symptoms can appear gradually over several years and can be so minor that you might not even notice them. Type 2 diabetes affects many persons who exhibit no symptoms. Some people don't realize they have the condition until they start experiencing diabetes-related health issues, like hazy vision or heart issues. Type 2 is not the same as diabetes type 1. Your pancreas doesn't create any insulin if you have type 1 diabetes. In type 2, your pancreas produces insufficient insulin, and the insulin that does get produced isn't always effective. Both kinds are diabetes mellitus subtypes that result in hyperglycemia (high blood sugar). Although type 2 diabetes is more prevalent in adolescents, it mostly affects older persons. Although persons of any age can develop type 1 diabetes, it usually first manifests in childhood or young adults.

What causes a high blood glucose level? Why does this occur?

Your body breaks down the food you eat into different nutrient sources as part of the digesting process. Your body converts carbohydrates (such as bread, rice, and pasta) you eat into sugar (glucose). When glucose is in your bloodstream, it needs assistance—a "key"—to enter your body's cells, which make up your body's tissues and organs and are where it will be utilised. Insulin serves as this support or "key."

The pancreas, an organ situated behind the stomach, is the gland that produces the hormone insulin. Insulin is released into your bloodstream by your pancreas. The "door" in the cell wall is unlocked by insulin, allowing glucose to enter the cells of your body. The "fuel" or energy that tissues and organs require to function effectively is provided by glucose.

Diabetes patients

i) Insufficient or insufficient insulin is produced by your pancreas. Or

ii) Insulin is produced by your pancreas, but your body's cells do not react to it and cannot use it as they should.

Your blood glucose level will increase if glucose cannot enter your body's cells and instead remains in the bloodstream. Your entire body is affected by diabetes. You must take actions to keep your risk factors under control and within the normal range to manage diabetes as effectively as possible, such as:

i) By adhering to a nutrition regimen, taking prescribed medicine, and upping your activity level, you can keep your blood glucose levels as close to normal as feasible.

ii) Maintain your triglyceride and blood cholesterol (HDL and LDL levels) as close to the normal ranges as you can.

iii) Maintain blood pressure control. Your BP shouldn't be more than 140/90 mmHg.

Medicines can assist you in treating the disease in addition to choosing nutritious foods and beverages, engaging in physical activity, getting adequate sleep, and managing stress. There are also some more therapy choices accessible.

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