What is Reversible Error?

In civil law, a reversible error refers to a significant mistake or error made during a civil trial that is substantial enough to warrant the overturning of the court's decision by an appellate court. Reversible errors in civil cases share similarities with those in criminal cases, as they undermine the fairness and integrity of the trial proceedings and impact the outcome of the case.

Examples of reversible errors in civil cases include:

1. Incorrect admission or exclusion of evidence: If the trial court allows the introduction of evidence that should have been excluded, or if it excludes relevant and admissible evidence, and such errors substantially affect the outcome of the case, they may be considered reversible errors.
2. Flawed jury instructions: If the jury instructions given by the trial judge are erroneous, confusing, or misleading, and it is likely that such errors influenced the jury's decision, the appellate court may reverse the judgment.
3. Misconduct or inappropriate behavior by attorneys: If either party's attorney engages in misconduct that significantly prejudices the opposing party, such as making improper statements or engaging in unethical practices, it may be grounds for a reversible error.
4. Biased or improper jury selection: If the trial court fails to ensure an impartial jury by allowing biased jurors to serve or if there are procedural errors in the jury selection process, it can constitute a reversible error.

When a reversible error is identified in a civil case, the appellate court can overturn the trial court's decision. This may result in a new trial or, in some cases, the appellate court may correct the error itself and render a new judgment.