This is what will reduce the fall in house prices

How far will property values fall when interest rates rise?

While it is well known that falling interest rates stimulate our housing market and push property prices up, and in time cash rate hikes have a negative impact on housing prices, that does not mean that cash rate hikes always cause a fall in housing prices.

During the gradual tightening cycle between 2002 and 2008, for example, housing prices rose more than 50% (an annual average of 8% year on year).

In a recent?ANZ?Economic Insight, Adelaide Timbrell, Senior Economist for ANZ explains:

While we don’t expect to see such a strong run of housing prices through the impending tightening cycle, we do expect the correction in housing prices to be a moderate one, especially when compared with the rapid housing price growth over the last two years.

Furthermore, Ms Timbrell says:

We expect that the strong employment and wage growth outlook will cushion the fall in housing prices.

She explains that the main factors that are different this cycle compared to previous ones are as follows:

• Indebted households have very high savings levels
• Our strong employment and wages outlook suggests that increased household incomes will absorb some of the impacts of higher rates
• Stronger regulation has reduced financial stability risk
• A small percentage point increase in rates will have a relatively stronger impact on interest payments than when the cash rate started higher.

What makes this cycle different to previous cash rate hikes?

1. Indebted households have very high savings:

Household savings have skyrocketed, including among indebted households, which reduces the risk of forced selling as interest payments rise and allows households to buy more housing at a given borrowing capacity.

Ms Timbrell says:

We expect the average share of household income that goes to interest will stay below the long-term average, even when the cash rate is at 2% (which we expect will occur by the end of 2023).

2. Increased household incomes will absorb some of the impacts of higher rates

Ms Timbrell went on to explain:

We expect wages to continue to accelerate through the impending cash rate hiking cycle, as they did during the 2002–08 cycle.

Moreover, we expect that unemployment will continue to fall, reaching a five-decade low of 3.3% later this year.

This means that some of the impacts of higher interest payments and reduced borrowing capacity will be offset by higher household incomes as interest rates rise.

3. Stronger regulation has reduced financial stability risk

The current mortgage serviceability buffer requires prospective borrowers to prove that they can afford a mortgage at 3ppt higher than the advertised rate.

This equates to twelve 25bp cash rate hikes and should reduce the risk of forced selling or financial instability as the cash rate rises.

4. A small percentage point increase impacts interest payments more than usual

Ms Timbrell further says:

We forecast that the cash rate will reach 2% by the end of 2023, which would equate to a 75% increase in owner-occupier variable mortgage rates (based on current RBA data and our forecasts).

This may lead to a payment shock across some households.

Though for most households, strong savings and wage growth should offset this for the most part.

Cash rates are important but are still just one factor

The ANZ report explains that housing prices have fallen in annual terms five times in the last thirty years.

The latest annual dip occurred because of credit tightening in 2017-18, while the four annual declines before that were preceded by cash rate hikes.

However, housing prices have proven resilient in the longer term despite tightening cycles.

Six months after three of the last four cash rate tightening cycles, housing prices were higher than at the beginning of the tightening cycle, consistent with the idea that the RBA hikes the cash rate during periods of strong economic activity.

And a year after each tightening cycle, housing prices were either very similar or higher than before the tightening cycle.