What is Docker and What is it used for?

Introduction

In the ever-evolving world of technology, the way we develop, deploy, and manage applications has undergone a significant transformation. When we talk about traditional software development and deployment methods, it generally leads to complex, time-consuming, and error-prone processes. Developers must ensure that their applications run across different environments from development to production, which can be tough sometimes.

This is where Docker, a revolutionary containerization technology, comes into action. It has become a game changer in the world of software development and deployment. It simplifies the process and enables a more efficient and consistent approach. This makes it a crucial tool in the CCIE DevNet community.?In this article, we will discuss what it is, its history, what Docker is used for, its functioning, and its architecture, and in the end, we will look into the advantages associated with it.

Whether you’re a developer, DevOps engineer, or IT professional, understanding Docker and its capabilities is crucial for staying competitive in the rapidly evolving tech landscape. If you’re interested in expanding your knowledge and skills in this area, the DevNet Expert Training offered by PyNet Labs is an excellent resource to consider. Before getting into more details, let’s first understand what it really is.

What is Docker?

Docker is an open-source platform that allows the development, deployment, and management of applications with the help of containerization. Now, when we talk about containers, these are lightweight, standalone, and executable software packages that include everything necessary to run an application, including the code, runtime, system tools, and libraries. This approach differs from traditional virtualization, where each VM (Virtual Machine) runs a complete OS, which results in a more resource-intensive and less efficient process.

Now, many will think that it is different from the traditional approach. The answer is that docker containers share the host operating system’s kernel, which makes them more lightweight and portable. With the help of this, applications can now easily be packaged and deployed across different environments without the need for any complex configurations.

Now that we have a basic understanding. But the question that arises now is how it comes into existence, i.e., its history. Let’s discuss it!

History of Docker

Docker, or the 0.1 version, was first introduced in 2013 by Solomon Hykes at dotCloud. The idea behind it, was to create a more efficient as well as scalable way to develop, package, and deploy applications. Before this technology, the whole industry totally relied on VMs in order to achieve similar goals, but the problems associated with it were the complex, resource-intensive, and difficult to manage nature.

The initial release of Docker was a breakthrough, as it provided a simple and intuitive way to package and deploy applications using containers. In the year 2014, its version 1.0 was released which solidified its position as a reliable and mature platform for containerization. After consecutive years, it has gone through various updates, but the major update came in the year 2018 when Docker released its Enterprise Edition, and in the year 2019, it was acquired by Mirantis (a Cloud Computing company).

The success of it can be attributed to its ability to simplify the development, deployment, and management of applications, as well as its strong community support and the ecosystem of tools and services that have been built around it.

Before getting into its functioning, let’s first understand what is Docker used for.

What is Docker Used For?

It has a wide range of applications and use cases. Below, we have discussed some of these –

• Application Packaging and Deployment:?With the help of it, developers can package their applications and all other dependencies into a single as well as portable container. By doing this, it is easier to deploy the application in a consistent manner across different environments from the development phase to the production phase.
• Microservices Architecture:?It is best suited for building as well as deploying microservices-based applications in which each component is packaged as a separate container. This will?further?make the overall system more scalable, flexible, and, most importantly, easier to maintain.
• Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment (CI/CD):?Its containerization approach integrates with the CI/CD pipeline, allowing automated building, testing, and deployment of applications.
• Cloud and Serverless Computing:?Its containers can be easily deployed as well as scaled on cloud platforms and also in serverless computing environments. This makes it a popular choice for cloud-native applications.
• Automated Container Creation:?With the help of Docker, a container can be built automatically based on application source code.

Let’s now understand its functioning.

How Does Docker Work?

It works by following the concept of containerization and this assists applications and their dependencies in being packaged into a single, portable, and self-contained unit called a container. This container can then be easily deployed and run on any system that has Docker installed without the need for any complex configuration.

The key components that assist in the functioning are:

• Docker Engine
• Docker Images
• Docker Containers
• Docker Registry

The process of using it typically involves the following steps:

• Building a Docker Image: Developers create an image by defining the application’s dependencies and requirements in a file called a Dockerfile.
• Pushing the Image to a Registry: The image is then pushed to a registry, such as the Docker Hub, for storage and distribution.
• Pulling the Image and Running a Container: When the application needs to be deployed, the image is pulled from the registry and a container is created and run on the target system.
• Managing and Scaling Containers: It provides tools and commands for managing the lifecycle of containers, including starting, stopping, and scaling them as needed.

We now understand its working in detail, let’s discuss its architecture along with its components.

Docker Architecture

Its architecture is based on a client-server model, where the Docker client communicates with the daemon (the Docker Engine) to perform various operations. The key components of its architecture are:

• Client: The client is the primary user interface for interacting with Docker. It is used to issue commands and manage its containers, images, and other resources.
• Daemon: The daemon is the core of the Docker platform. It is responsible for managing the creation, execution, and lifecycle of containers.
• Registry: The Registry is a repository where its images are stored and shared. The Hub is the most widely used public registry, but organizations can also set up their own private registries.
• Images: Docker images are the blueprints for creating containers. They contain the application code, dependencies, and other necessary files required to run the application.
• Containers: The containers are the running instances of Docker images. They are the isolated and self-contained environments where applications run.
• Networking: Docker provides a built-in networking system that allows containers to communicate with each other and with the host system.
• Storage: It provides various storage options, including volumes and bind mounts, to manage the persistent data associated with containers.
• Plugins: The plugins are extensions that add additional functionality to the Docker platform, such as storage drivers, network drivers, and logging drivers.

Note: The architecture is designed to be modular and extensible, allowing for the integration of various third-party tools i.e., extensions and services to extend the functionality of the platform.

Let’s now move on to the next section i.e., Kubernetes vs Docker.

Difference Between Kubernetes and Docker

Below, we have discussed the common difference between the two based on different factors in a tabular form.

We now have detailed information regarding Docker; let’s discuss the different advantages associated with it.

Advantages of Docker

When we talk about its advantages, there are many that make it a widespread adoption in the software development and deployment industry. Let’s discuss some of these advantages.

• Portability:?Its containers are highly portable in nature, which allows applications to be deployed across different environments without any need for complex configurations and does not lead to any compatibility issues.
• Efficiency:?Docker’s containers are lightweight and usually make use of fewer resources when compared to traditional virtual machines. The reason behind this is its container shares the host operating system’s kernel which results in faster startup times as well as reduced infrastructure codes.
• Isolation:?Its containers offer a high degree of isolation, which ensures the applications and their dependencies are separated from the host system and from each other. This directly improves security and stability.
• Automation:?It integrates perfectly with various CI/CD tools as well as processes that allow the automation of application build, test, and, most importantly deployment workflows.

Conclusion

Docker has revolutionized the way we develop, package, and deploy applications. By providing a containerization platform that addresses the challenges of traditional software deployment, it has become an essential tool in the modern software development ecosystem. In this article, we have discussed it, what is it used for, Its history, workflow, components, and its advantages.

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