Core Web Vitals (CWVs) are a set of specific factors that Google considers crucial in determining the user experience of a webpage. They focus on three key aspects:
- Largest Contentful Paint (LCP): This measures the loading performance of a webpage. It specifically looks at the time it takes for the largest content element (like an image or a block of text) to become visible within the viewport.
- First Input Delay (FID): FID measures interactivity. It gauges the time it takes for a webpage to become interactive, meaning when a user can actually start engaging with the page, like clicking on buttons or links.
- Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS): CLS measures visual stability. It quantifies how much content shifts around on the page as it loads, which can be frustrating for users trying to interact with the page.
Improving CWVs involves various techniques aimed at optimizing these factors:
- Optimize Loading Performance (LCP):Reduce server response times. Enable compression (Gzip).Optimize and compress images. Minify CSS, JavaScript, and HTML. Use asynchronous loading for CSS and JavaScript. Utilize a Content Delivery Network (CDN).
- Enhance Interactivity (FID):Minimize JavaScript execution time. Break up long tasks. Use web workers to offload tasks. Optimize event handlers. Ensure that third-party code is efficient.
- Ensure Visual Stability (CLS):Set dimensions for media elements (images, videos) to avoid layout shifts. Reserve space for ads and dynamically-sized content. Use set size attribute dimensions for images and videos. Avoid dynamically injecting content above existing content.
Additionally, monitoring tools like Google's PageSpeed Insights, Lighthouse, or WebPageTest can help identify areas for improvement regarding CWVs. Regularly auditing and optimizing your website based on these metrics can significantly enhance user experience and potentially improve search engine rankings.
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