What is Backend? What are its responsibilities?

A backend refers to the server-side of a web application or software system. It is the part that users don't directly interact with but handles the core functionality, data processing, and communication with the frontend (the user-facing part of the application).

Key Features of a Backend:

Server:

• The backend runs on a server, which is a powerful computer designed to process requests and serve data to users.

Database:

• Stores and manages data (e.g., user information, product details, etc.).
• Common databases include MySQL, PostgreSQL, MongoDB, etc.

Backend Logic:

• Contains the application's core logic, rules, and workflows.
• Implements how data is processed, validated, and sent back to the frontend.

API (Application Programming Interface):

• Provides a structured way for the backend and frontend to communicate.
• Examples: REST APIs, GraphQL.

Security:

• Ensures data integrity, confidentiality, and secure communication.
• Handles user authentication (e.g., login) and authorization (permissions).