What is Adenovirus (ADV)? What are the symptoms of ADV infection?

ADV is not a new virus. Scientists discovered its existence half a century ago. It is in fact one of the most common pathogens that cause colds.

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ADV is a group of viruses that infect human mucosa. Depending on the serotype, the virus can cause respiratory symptoms, diarrhea, eye irritation, and rash. ADV infections occur throughout the whole year.

Different serotypes of ADV can cause various symptoms, such as respiratory tract infections like cough, runny nose, sore throat, and fever; intestinal infections like abdominal pain and diarrhea; and eye infections (commonly known as pink eye). Children, the elderly, and people with compromised immune systems are more susceptible to infections.

ADV is transmitted mainly through droplets (e.g. coughing or sneezing), direct contact with nasal and oral secretions (e.g. shaking hands with the patient or touching contaminated surfaces), or eating contaminated food or water; and can cause outbreaks of acute respiratory and eye infections in institutions such as schools and hospitals.

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ADV can cause infections of the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract, bladder, eyes, liver, and other organ systems. The population between the ages of 6 months and 5 years, especially children under 2 years old is generally susceptible.

Common clinical symptoms include fever, cough, nasal congestion, sore throat, conjunctivitis, abdominal pain, diarrhea, etc. Urinary tract infections may appear with symptoms such as haematuria, frequent or urgent urination, and difficulty in urination.

ADV infection is a self-limiting disease and there is no specific medicine available. Mild cases can self-heal in a week or so, so do not abuse medication.

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Adenoviral pneumonia occurs mostly between the ages of 6 months and 5 years, especially in children under 2. Those with chronic underlying disease and impaired immune function (e.g. organ transplantation, HIV infection, primary immunodeficiency) are more susceptible to severe disease.

Early detection of the disease based on clinical presentation is important before pathogenic diagnosis. So prompt pathogenic testing, isolation measures, and appropriate empirical treatment can be conducted early.

If there is a local case of ADV infection with high fever lasting more than 3 days, pallor, poor mental response, rales in the lungs, and increased heart rate, the high alert should be raised for the possibility of the disease and early pathogenic test should be conducted for early diagnosis.

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It is very important for outpatient and emergency patients to quickly report the results, preferably within one hour, and within 24 hours for hospitalized patients. Detection of etiology is very important, which can be targeted medication or symptomatic and supportive treatment and at the same time conducive to the rational use of antibacterial drugs.

Hecin focuses on the diagnosis of respiratory disease pathogens, and the ADV Nucleic Acid Test Kit (PCR-fluorescence probe method) developed by Hecin has obtained CE certificate. This kit can detect common types of adenoviruses in respiratory tract infection with a sensitivity of up to 0.22TCID50/ml (type 7), 0.13TCID50/ml (type 3), and can be adapted to common PCR instruments. PCR amplification time is the shortest among similar products. This product is used to detect adenovirus nucleic acid in oropharyngeal swab samples. The detectable types cover 17 serotypes of ADV 1~7, 8, 11~14, 35, 39~41, and 55. Early diagnosis of viral infection can avoid missed detection. In addition, in response to the demand for precise detection, to help clinicians accurately determine the recent adenovirus pathogenic subtypes, and to deeply understand the harm of different adenovirus types, Hecin has developed adenovirus typing reagents for research and use.

Hecin will give full play to its advantages in technology and products, strive to improve the accuracy and accessibility of respiratory pathogen detection and help build a precise diagnosis and treatment system.