Welcome to Power Engineering. In Theory, theory and practice are the same. In practice, they are not: Albert Einstein
Thierry Julio Epassa- P.E. in Sixteen USA States
Electrical Engineer Director || Arc Flash, Short Circuit, Electrical Studies|| US Security Clearance || Linkedin Newsletter Author|| OSHA, IEEE, NFPA Expert||Contractor for 1328 US Federal Facilities Arc Flash Studies
Welcome to Power Engineering. In Theory, theory and practice are the same. In practice, they are not: Albert Einstein.
I reviewed 20 power systems for major facilities (up to 1,000 MW), and each one was significantly incorrect. That's a stunner, isn't it? No one would believe me, so I had to prove it.
What is the only thing no one can argue against? Real-life data!
I collected 15,000+ real-life data, accessed 600 relays, and built simulation models (ETAP, ASPEN, SKM, Easy power). I have seen and documented anything that can go wrong with a power system in real life:
1- Power flow issues.
2- DSTATCOM capacitors suddenly not providing enough VARS.
3- DSTATCOM, reactor not consuming enough VARS
4- The transformer tap constantly changes to adjust the voltage fluctuation
5- All types of faults that could ever exist. All kinds of evolving faults.?
6- 1,000+ faults anywhere at any voltage
7- Bus bar burned, transformers burned, wind turbines catastrophic failures
8- T line sagging, T line galloping
9- 2 deaths, 1 significant injured
10- Anything wrong that could ever exist in a power system
The simulation software says a fault at transformer A's bus bar load side should create 10,000A.?
The data I collected in real life on the same incident in the SEL 351S relay showed 7,000A.?
When I showed those countless comparison data to an engineer equipment owner, below were the fair questions:
A- How do you know the loading to simulate the same incident?
?My answer:?" SEL relay events have pre-fault loading data."
B- Maybe the metering issue, CT, and/or relay?
My answer: "You tested the facility recently, and there are no issues with metering."
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C- How do you know utility loading data at the time of the fault? You don't work for them
My answer: " I can change utility data in the simulation and run it again. The fault incident changes minimally due to the system's configuration and the utility's distance from the fault.
D—We had a major engineering firm look at our simulations. How did we not know about this?
My answer is, " Theory is not practice."
The root cause of the majority of your issues and failures was not workmanship but company deficiency. Incorrect power simulations led to faulty design, lack of adequate protection, and improper settings for normal operations.
You now have the data to prove it.
We have to change our best practices; we damage our equipment and put our personnel at risk.?
Unfortunately, you won’t believe it unless someone shows you a data comparison between simulation and the real world.?
The End- El Fin- La Fin ??
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Moreover, I created an additional newsletter that will teach every power concept using the American grid live data and the significant errors made by engineering firms.
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“Knowledge synthesizer” Solutions Developed as a SME for Renewables Substations, Collector Systems and Transmission Line Parts and Pieces Most notably equals in a supply chain challenged world;
5 个月Thierry, you are going where no one has before. We’ve had this dialogue back and forth before most notably on all those pesky unusual strange acting asynchronous generation systems. In my now over 23 years experience in Renewables I continue to be convinced as you note that very few if any engineering groups ( except you) truly understand the two way actions of power flows within those large asynchronous generation sites. My experience is almost exclusively on helping folks with replacement parts when parts and pieces fail or wear out. I see some amazing failures and wear that should not happen as soon as it does. The field HV/MV Engineers and Techs are overloaded and for the most part not sufficiently supported by Senior Management who for the most part are not engineers but bean counters. Those field guys are totally consumed by chasing emergencies and can’t get ahead. Keep doing the good work you do maybe someone will listen and act.
Senior Electrical Engineer at ETAP
6 个月Once I read a sign in an electronics lab that I still remember and said the following: “Theory is when you know everything but nothing works, Practice is when everything works but no one knows why. In this lab theory ans practice are combined, nothing works and no one knows why! “??
Knowledge is Power, and Power is Our Expertise