Weekly Research News Digest
This newsletter is designed to share with you research news in various fields where applications of gene sequencing can be found. It will share research findings from Novogene’s customers. By sharing insights from the most prestigious research teams, it is intended to call your attention to the latest applications of sequencing in life sciences and biomedical research and inspire your research.
It's wonderful to be back in the Weekly Research News Digest. In the five articles we share this week, researchers employed precise sequencing technologies such as Whole Genome Resequencing, ATAC-Seq, and mRNA-Seq to explore the environmental adaptability of staple crops and vegetables and uncover genes related to yield. These studies are crucial for enhancing agricultural sustainability and securing food supplies in the face of climate change challenges.
Analysis of Ae. tauschii?Genomes Revealed the Genetic Composition and History of the Bread Wheat D Genome
Modern bread wheat exhibits reduced genetic diversity compared to its wild ancestors. The ?diversity and beneficial alleles that are absent in it can be found in its wild relatives. According to a study recently published in Nature,?researchers from multiple countries jointly established comprehensive genome resources for Tausch’s goatgrass (Aegilops tauschii), which provides the D genome for bread wheat. After examining 46?Ae. tauschii?genomes, they were able to clone a disease resistance gene and conduct haplotype analysis on a complex disease resistance locus, distinguishing alleles from paralogous gene copies. Their findings shed light on the intricate genetic makeup and history of the bread wheat D genome, highlighting contributions from genetically and geographically isolated Ae. tauschii?subpopulations. The research demonstrates the potential wild relatives hold for enhancing crops.
The Role of OsSRO1c-OsDREB2B Complex in Cold Tolerance in Rice
Exploring natural variants that result in cold resistance and the molecular mechanism that accounts for the trait is key to developing rice varieties that can withstand cold stress and mitigate yield loss due to climate change. A collaborative team of Chinese and French researchers explored natural variations of the OsSRO1c gene in rice and showed that they are responsible for cold resistance at both seeding and booting stages. Their findings revealed that OsSRO1c recruits OsDREB2B into its biomolecular condensates, enhancing the transcriptional activity of OsDREB2B. In response to low temperature, the OsSRO1c-OsDREB2B complex undergoes dynamic phase transitions and regulates key cold response genes. Their findings provide new insights into the regulatory mechanism for cold tolerance in rice and identifies potential targets for breeding cold-tolerant rice.
Unveiling Genetic Regulators of Starch Yield in Sweet Potato: The Roles of IbPMA1?and IbbHLH49
Understanding the genetic factors that influence sweet potato starch yield and the molecular mechanisms in operation is crucial for meeting the global demand for food and raw materials. According to a study recently published in Nature Communications, researchers investigated how source-sink synergy affect sweet potato starch formation and found that the production, loading, and transport of photosynthates in leaves, together with their unloading and allocation in storage roots, account for the difference in starch content between different varies of sweet potato. They associated six IbPMA1?haplotypes with starch accumulation and identified IbbHLH49?as targeting IbPMA1 and activating?IbPMA1?transcription. They found that the expression of IbPMA1 is positively correlated with starch and sucrose content and the expression of IbbHLH49?is positively correlated with fresh yield and starch accumulation. Moreover, both IbPMA1?and IbbHLH49?regulate sugar transport and starch biosynthesis in source and sink tissues. The research offers novel insights into starch yield formation?and identifies potential genetic targets for breeding high-starch sweet potato varieties.
The Role of WRKY34?Promoter Fragment in Influencing?Cold Tolerance in Tomatoes
Cultivated tomatoes have reduced cold tolerance compared to wild relatives. Chinese and Cypriot researchers jointly analyzed ATAC-Seq and RNA-Seq data from cold-sensitive cultivated tomatoes and cold-tolerant wild tomatoes to identify the genetics basis for the difference in cold tolerance. They found that WRKY34?is closely related to?chromatin accessibility and expression patterns under cold stress.?A?60?bp InDel in the WRKY34?promoter?leads to variations in WRKY34?transcription and cold tolerance across?376?tomato?accessions. This fragment consists of?a GATA cis-regulatory element, which?interacts with?SWIBs and GATA29?to jointly inhibit WRKY34?expression under cold conditions. ?Besides, WRKY34 regulates?transcription and protein levels to influence?the CBF cold response pathway. These findings underscore the importance of cis-regulatory polymorphisms in crop evolution.
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Genomic Insights into Striga Susceptibility in Pearl Millet: Role of CLAMT1?in Strigolactone Biosynthesis
Pearl millet, essential for African food security, is threatened by the parasitic weed Striga hermonthica. Seed germination of Striga hermonthica needs strigolactones (SLs), hormones released by hosts.?Researchers from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Italy, and Spain jointly generated chromosome-scale genome assemblies to compare?and contrast?Striga-susceptible and -resistant pearl millet lines. They discovered that a 0.7 Mb genome segment containing CLAMT1?genes involved in strigolactone biosynthesis?is absent in the Striga-resistant line. Functional analysis?demonstrated?CLAMT1's role in producing key SL-biosynthesis?intermediates. In addition, the researchers showed that the CLAMT1?section impacts SL diversity and?Striga susceptibility. These findings enhances our understanding of Striga susceptibility in pearl millet?and identifies potential?targets for breeding resistant pearl millet varieties.
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