Weekly Research News Digest
This newsletter is designed to share with you research news in various fields where applications of gene sequencing can be found. It will share research findings from Novogene’s customers. By sharing insights from the most prestigious research teams, it is intended to call your attention to the latest applications of sequencing in life sciences and biomedical research and inspire your research.
It is a great honor to reunite with you in the Weekly Research News Digest. This week, we will share five articles featuring exceptional researches utilizing sequencing technologies such as Shotgun Metagenomic Sequencing, Whole Genome Sequencing, and Eukaryote mRNA-Seq to delve into biodiversity, ecosystem health, and the impact of human activities on the natural environment. These studies not only reveal how organisms adapt and evolve but also underscore the urgency of adopting scientific management practices to protect biodiversity and human health.
Characterizing Structural Variations in Eucalyptus Species: Insights into Genetic Differentiation and Adaptation
Structural variations (SVs) significantly influence speciation and adaptation, but their prevalence and impact are not well understood. In a recent study published in GigaScience, Australian researchers analyzed long-read assembled reference genomes of Eucalyptus species to detect potential SVs with effects on speciation and adaptation. They performed short-read whole-genome sequencing on more than 600 individuals from Eucalyptus melliodora and Eucalyptus sideroxylon to identify SV patterns. They genotyped 49,756 of 58,025 SVs in E. melliodora and 39,536 of 47,064 SVs in E. sideroxylon. They paid special attention to inversions and translocations and identified 24 structural divergences, 2,623 structural polymorphisms, and 928 shared structural polymorphisms. The findings accentuate SVs' critical role in genetic differentiation, adaptive evolution, and species divergence, providing insights into genetic diversity and adaptation mechanisms.
Exploring Microbial Succession and Nematode Physiology?in Insect Decay Using Pristionchus pacificus
Understanding the interactions between microbiota and host physiology is a challenging task for scientists. Researchers from China and Germany?studied?Pristionchus pacificus?in?a lab-simulated decay process?of its insect host?to explore?the interactions between nematodes and evolving microbiota. They revealed that the?vitamin B-producing bacteria?decreased?early in the decay?process and?an increase in bacteria with smaller genomes?followed. Microbiota changes affected nematode lipid utilization?and?dauer formation.?Moreover, horizontal acquisition of cellulases improved foraging efficiency, leading to a prolonged reproductive phase. Furthermore, genes specific to Pristionchus?species responded more to natural microbiota than conserved genes did. This highlights their role in helping Pristionchus pacificus?adapt to its ecological niches. The study emphasizes the critical role of microbial succession and?the?interactions between microbiota and?nematodes in insect decay in semi-artificial ecosystems.
Intergenerational?Toxicity?of?the?Synthetic Estrogen EE2 to?the Sydney Rock Oysters: Effects of Parental Exposure on Unexposed Larvae
The synthetic estrogen 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), found in aquatic environments, poses risks of intergenerational toxicity to marine life. An international team composed of researchers from Australia, Bangladesh, China, and the United States investigated the effects of EE2 on Sydney rock oysters?and found that parental EE2 exposure led to?significant developmental and genetic disruptions in larvae that had?not?been?directly exposed?to EE2. Specifically, parental EE2 exposure resulted in reduction in larval survival, motility, and shell length. Bi-parental exposure led to the inhibition of pathways associated with energy production, transcription, development and oxidative stress. They revealed that the intergenerational toxicity of EE2 is mainly attributable to maternal factors and bi-parental exposure intensifies the effects.
Assessing Antibiotic Resistance Transfer Risks in Non-Intensive Aquaculture Systems
The spread?of resistomes in non-intensive aquaculture and its potential impacts?on human health?have not been well explored. Researchers from Shenzhen University and the University of Hong Kong employed metagenomic analysis to investigate the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in non-intensive aquaculture systems, finding widespread ARG presence, with multidrug ARG?being the most common.?They identified core ARGs in fish guts and found that Fusobacterium_A that carried ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) existed in both the aquaculture system and human guts. The study underscores the need for stricter regulation of resistomes in non-intensive aquaculture systems to mitigate human health risks.
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Enhanced Urine Nitrification Efficiency Through Separation of Organic Matter Depletion Using Membrane Aerated Biofilm Reactors
Researchers from the Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology?studied whether separating organic matter depletion from nitrification enhances the efficiency of urine nitrification processes. They?used membrane aerated biofilm reactors (MABRs) to achieve this separation.?By managing organics depletion separately, they achieved a 70% removal rate and minimized ammonia loss to just 4%.?Their results showed that separating?organic matter depletion significantly improved nitrification rates, with up to over 1500 mgN L?1 d?1 achieved using oxygen-enriched air. These findings indicate that MABR technology is effective in enhancing nitrification efficiency and minimizing ammonia loss, showcasing its potential for efficient urine treatment.
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About Novogene
Novogene specializes in the application of advanced molecular biotechnology and high-performance computing in the research fields of life science and human health. Established in March 2011, Novogene strives to become a global leader in providing genetic science services and technology products. Novogene has set up operations and laboratories in the United States, the United Kingdom, Netherlands, Germany, as well as in China, Singapore and Japan.
Novogene has served over 7,300 global customers, covering 90 countries and regions across 6 continents. It has cooperated extensively with many academic institutions and completed several advanced-level, international genomics research projects. By 2023, Novogene has co-published and/or been acknowledged in more than 22,850 articles in Science Citation Index, with an accumulative impact factor of more than 148,250.
Novogene's partners are worldwide and include more than 4,200 scienti?c research institutions and universities, more than 680 hospitals and over 2,400 pharmaceutical and agricultural enterprises. Currently, Novogene has obtained 356 software copyrights and 66 patents.
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