Are We Ready for Biologically Inspired AI?

The human brain is arguably the most efficient computing system we know; operating on just 20 watts of power while performing complex, real-time tasks. So it’s no surprise that artificial intelligence has turned to biology for inspiration. After all, we all know that imitation is the sincerest form of flattery. Mind you, we shouldn't let that go to our heads!! Here's why.

Technologies like spiking neural networks (SNNs) and neuromorphic computing represent an extraordinary leap towards creating AI that mimics the way our brains process information. But as we explore this new frontier, it’s worth asking: just because we can, does it mean we should?

?

Why Biologically Inspired AI Is Mind-Blowing

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs): These systems process information through "spikes," much like neurons in the brain. Unlike traditional AI, SNNs activate only when signals are received, making them far more energy-efficient and suitable for real-time tasks. For example, event-based cameras powered by SNNs can detect changes in a scene rather than recording frame-by-frame, making them ideal for drones navigating complex environments or autonomous vehicles responding to sudden changes.

Neuromorphic Computing: This hardware mimics the architecture of biological brains, integrating memory and processing to avoid bottlenecks. Neuromorphic chips consume significantly less energy than conventional processors and excel at tasks like sensory processing and adaptive robotics.

Intel’s Loihi chip, for instance, has been used to help robots learn to walk by adapting to sensory feedback in real-time, while IBM’s TrueNorth chip has processed visual data with minimal energy consumption—unlocking new possibilities for edge devices.

The potential is enormous: from enabling ultra-efficient healthcare devices to powering intelligent edge devices like wearables and IoT sensors. These systems could revolutionise industries while addressing sustainability challenges. But, but,but……..

?

Challenges and Ethical Questions

Yes, let’s not get ahead of ourselves. Biologically inspired AI raises serious questions:

Transparency: These systems are even harder to interpret than traditional AI. How do we ensure accountability?

Neuro-privacy: If brain-machine interfaces become mainstream, who protects the sanctity of our thoughts?

Philosophy: If machines mimic the brain closely enough, could they one day develop something akin to consciousness?

We’re also facing practical hurdles like programming complexity and the limited availability of neuromorphic hardware.

Yet, these challenges don’t diminish the urgency of ethical and philosophical discussions. They amplify it.

?

Why This Matters Now

Exploring biologically inspired AI is about more than creating better machines. It’s about understanding intelligence itself—and what it means to be human in a world where AI systems could one day match or exceed our capabilities.

As we forge ahead, let’s prioritise not just innovation but also equity, transparency, and sustainability. After all, the most powerful technologies are those that align with our values, not just our ambitions.

?

Are you as intrigued as I am by the potential (and perils) of these advancements? It would be great to discuss the applications, ethics, and implications of AI systems inspired by the human brain......

?

Vivienne Neale is an Honorary Research Associate at Hull University, UK