WATER SOFTENERS
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Water containing dissolved calcium and magnesium ions (i.e., hard water) can lead to the buildup of insulating scale deposits, which can impair and damage industrial equipment such as boilers, cooling towers, chillers, and heat exchangers. In the softening process, calcium and magnesium hardness ions in the raw water are exchanged for sodium ions. Once a unit's softening capacity is reached, it must be regenerated with a brine solution.
The resources below should be helpful in understanding water softeners and their calculations, sizing, regeneration, and troubleshooting.
BLOG: How Sodium-Cycle Water Softeners Work
From exchanging calcium and magnesium for sodium to the regeneration process, water softeners are under-appreciated workhorses of the industry.
SOFTENING CAPACITY
How much water can a water softener soften? These blogs will teach you both how to calculate capacity and troubleshoot any capacity problems.
BLOG: How to Calculate Softener Capacity
BLOG: Troubleshooting Water Softener Capacity Problems
SOFTENER SIZING
In industrial applications, it is imperative that a properly sized softener is selected to ensure hardness is not allowed to pass to critical system components. Both over-sized and under-sized softeners can result in serious problems due to hard water in these systems.?
BLOG: How to Properly Size an Industrial Water Softener
REGENERATION PROCESS
Once the softener reaches capacity, the regeneration consists of four basic steps: backwash, brine draw, slow rinse, and fast rinse. Each step has a distinct purpose and is important.
BLOG: Softener Regeneration in Four Easy Steps
VIDEO: Water Softener Regeneration Process
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INFOGRAPHIC: 4 Steps to Softener Regeneration
ELUTION STUDIES
Since there are many factors that influence the efficiencies and capacity of a softener, locating the cause of problems can be difficult. Elution studies are an effective means of pinpointing certain problems and should be considered as an initial troubleshooting measure.
TECH BULLETIN: Using Elution Studies to Troubleshoot Softeners
TECH BULLETIN: Softener Elution Study Report Form
TROUBLESHOOTING
Like any piece of equipment, problems can occur. Knowing where to look and what to do can help resolve problems.
TECH BULLETIN: Troubleshooting Guide for Multiport Valve Softeners
TECH BULLETIN: Troubleshooting Guide for Valve Nest Series Softeners
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