Voices of reason, overstretching, and technological wars

Terms to note from today’s PRC Ministry of Foreign Affairs press conference:

• 多边外交 / multilateral diplomacy?

Today’s quote:

- 南博会是中国与南亚国家开展多边外交、经贸合作、人文交流的重要平台。本届南博会以“共享新机遇，共谋新发展”为主题，80个国家、地区和国际组织代表，30余家国内政府机构，64家国内外500强企业参展与会。各方集中签约投资额超4000亿元人民币；场外签约投资额超2000亿元人民币。此外，第3届中国—南亚合作论坛、首届中国—印度洋地区发展合作论坛、首届“一带一路”供应链峰会等系列活动也于同期成功举行。?

The China-South Asia Expo is an important platform for multilateral diplomacy, trade and economic cooperation and cultural and people-to-people exchanges between China and South Asian countries. Under the theme of “New Opportunities for New Development”, this expo attracted representatives from 80 countries, regions and international organizations. Participants also include more than 30 Chinese government agencies and 64 Global Fortune 500 companies from both home and abroad. During the expo, the value of newly signed on-site deals exceeded 400 billion yuan and deals signed off-site totaled over 200 billion yuan. During the expo, a series of side events were successfully held, including the 3rd China-South Asia Cooperation Forum, the first China-Indian Ocean Region Forum on Development and Cooperation and the 1st Belt and Road Supply Chain Summit.?

Previous PRC history of the term:

- 1 月25日，习近平主席主持中国同中亚五国建交30周年视频峰会。这是今年中国主办的首场重大多边外交活动，也是30年来中国同中亚五国元首第一次集体会晤，具有里程碑意义。?

On January 25, [2022] President Xi Jinping chaired the virtual summit to commemorate the 30th anniversary of diplomatic relations between China and Central Asian countries. This is the first major multilateral diplomatic activity hosted by China this year, and also the first group summit between the heads of state of China and the five Central Asian countries since the establishment of diplomatic ties 30 years ago.?

• 泛化 / overstretch; generalize?

Today’s quote:

- 美方应该认真倾听理性声音，放弃零和思维，停止泛化国家安全概念，停止将经贸科技问题政治化、工具化、武器化。?

The US needs to listen to the voices calling for reason, give up the zero-sum mentality, stop overstretching the concept of national security, and stop politicizing, instrumentalizing and weaponizing economic, trade and tech issues.?

Previous PRC history of the term:

- 我们一贯反对美方泛化国家安全概念、滥用国家力量、无理打压中国企业的行为。?

China is always opposed to the US moves to overstretch the concept of national security and abuse state power to wantonly hobble Chinese enterprises.?

- 中方坚决反对美方肆意泛化国家安全概念、滥用出口管制措施、无理打压中国企业的做法。?

China firmly opposes the US’s overstretching of the national security concept and abuse of export control measures to wantonly hobble Chinese enterprises.?

- 近年来，美方不断泛化国家安全概念，强化不合理的投资审查，对正常经贸投资合作制造困难和障碍，破坏国际经贸秩序和贸易规则，威胁全球产业链供应链稳定。?

In recent years, the US has been using national security as a catch-all pretext to ramp up unjustified investment review. This has created difficulties and obstacles for foreign companies to engage in normal trade and investment cooperation, undermined international economic trade order and trading rules, and threatened the stability of global industrial and supply chains.?

- 任何执意打造“小院高墙”、“平行体系”的行径，任何热衷于搞排他性“小圈子”、“小集团”、分裂世界的行径，任何泛化国家安全概念、对其他国家经济科技发展进行遏制的行径，任何煽动意识形态对立、把经济科技问题政治化、武器化的行径，都严重削弱国际社会应对共同挑战的努力。?

Acts of single-mindedly building "exclusive yards with high walls" or "parallel systems", of enthusiastically putting together exclusive small circles or blocs that polarize the world, of overstretching the concept of national security to hold back economic and technological advances of other countries, and of fanning ideological antagonism and politicizing or weaponizing economic, scientific and technological issues, will gravely undercut international efforts to tackle common challenges.?

• 经济战 / economic war?

Today’s quote:

- ... 国际货币基金组织总裁格奥尔基耶娃、世界银行前首席经济学家戈德伯格等人士近日也呼吁美反思对华经济战。?

... IMF Director General Kristalina Georgieva, former chief economist of the World Bank Pinelopi Koujianou Goldberg, among others, also called on the US to rethink economic wars against China.?

Previous PRC history of the term:

- ... 美国国家安全委员会印太事务协调员坎贝尔称中方试图通过一系列近乎“经济战”的制裁令澳大利亚屈服

...?America’s top envoy to the Pacific Kurt Campbell has said China is trying to drive Australia to its knees through a series of sanctions that amount to “economic warfare”.?

• 科技战 / technology war?

Today’s quote:

- 打贸易战、科技战，人为“筑墙设垒”，强推“脱钩断链”，完全违反市场经济原则，破坏国际贸易规则，只会损人不利己。美方应该认真倾听理性声音，放弃零和思维，停止泛化国家安全概念，停止将经贸科技问题政治化、工具化、武器化。中方愿同美方一道努力，落实中美两国元首巴厘岛会晤达成的重要共识，推动中美关系重返健康稳定发展轨道。?

China-US economic and trade relations are mutually beneficial in nature. Starting a trade war or a technology war, building walls and barriers, and pushing for decoupling and severing supply chains run counter to the principles of market economy and undermine international trade rules. Such attempts serve no one’s interests. The US needs to listen to the voices calling for reason, give up the zero-sum mentality, stop overstretching the concept of national security, and stop politicizing, instrumentalizing and weaponizing economic, trade and tech issues. China is ready to work with the US to follow through on the important common understandings reached between the two heads of state at their meeting in Bali, and bring China-US relations back to the track of stable growth.?

Previous PRC history of the term:

- 完善党中央对科技工作统一领导的体制，健全新型举国体制，强化国家战略科技力量，优化配置创新资源，优化国家科研机构、高水平研究型大学、科技领军企业定位和布局，形成国家实验室体系，统筹推进国际科技创新中心、区域科技创新中心建设，加强科技基础能力建设，强化科技战略咨询，提升国家创新体系整体效能。?

We will improve the system in which the Party Central Committee exercises unified leadership over science and technology work. We will improve the new system for mobilizing resources nationwide to make key technological breakthroughs. We will boost China's strength in strategic science and technology, better allocate innovation resources, and better define the roles of national research institutes, advanced-level research universities, and leading high-tech enterprises to improve their layout. We will establish a system of national laboratories, coordinate the development of international and regional centers for scientific and technological innovation, enhance basic scientific and technological capacity, and ensure better strategic input from the science and technology sector, so as to boost the overall performance of China's innovation system.?

- 历史和现实一再告诉我们，当今世界，如果走对立对抗的歧路，无论是搞冷战、热战，还是贸易战、科技战，最终将损害各国利益、牺牲人民福祉。?

History and reality have made it clear, time and again, that the misguided approach of antagonism and confrontation, be it in the form of cold war, hot war, trade war or tech war, would eventually hurt all countries' interests and undermine everyone's well-being.?

- 习近平在世界经济论坛“达沃斯议程”对话会上的特别致辞 _2021_01_25?做好政府工作，要在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，全面贯彻党的十九大和十九届二中、三中、四中、五中全会精神，坚持稳中求进工作总基调，立足新发展阶段，贯彻新发展理念，构建新发展格局，以推动高质量发展为主题，以深化供给侧结构性改革为主线，以改革创新为根本动力，以满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要为根本目的，坚持系统观念，巩固拓展疫情防控和经济社会发展成果，更好统筹发展和安全，扎实做好“六稳”工作、全面落实“六保”任务，科学精准实施宏观政策，努力保持经济运行在合理区间，坚持扩大内需战略，强化科技战略支撑，扩大高水平对外开放，保持社会和谐稳定，确保“十四五”开好局起好步，以优异成绩庆祝中国共产党成立100周年。?

To accomplish the government’s work for the year, we must, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, do the following:?follow the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era; implement the guiding principles of the Party’s 19th National Congress and the second through fifth plenary sessions of the 19th Party Central Committee in full; act on the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability; ground our efforts in the new development stage, apply the new development philosophy, and create a new pattern of development; pursue high-quality development as the general aim, advance supply-side structural reform as the main task, and harness reform and innovation as the key source of momentum in our endeavor to meet the fundamental goal of satisfying the people’s growing needs for a better life; apply systems thinking; consolidate and expand the achievements of the Covid-19 response and economic and social development; ensure better coordination in pursuing development and upholding security; ensure stability on six key fronts and maintain security in six key areas; implement macro policies in a systemic and targeted way; keep major economic indicators within an appropriate range; continue to expand domestic demand; strengthen science and technology to provide strategic support for development; pursue higher-standard opening up; maintain social harmony and stability. These efforts will enable us to get off to a good start in the 14th Five-Year Plan period and commemorate the centenary of the CPC with outstanding achievements in development.?

• 理性声音 / voice of reason?

Today’s quote:

打贸易战、科技战，人为“筑墙设垒”，强推“脱钩断链”，完全违反市场经济原则，破坏国际贸易规则，只会损人不利己。美方应该认真倾听理性声音，放弃零和思维，停止泛化国家安全概念，停止将经贸科技问题政治化、工具化、武器化。?

Starting a trade war or a technology war, building walls and barriers, and pushing for decoupling and severing supply chains run counter to the principles of market economy and undermine international trade rules. Such attempts serve no one’s interests. The US needs to listen to the voices calling for reason, give up the zero-sum mentality, stop overstretching the concept of national security, and stop politicizing, instrumentalizing and weaponizing economic, trade and tech issues.?

Previous PRC history of the term:

- 我们希望美方也能够看清楚这一点，听进去理性声音。?

We hope the US side will see what they see and hear their voice of reason.?

- 中方希望美方认真倾听客观理性的声音，端正对华认知，作出正确选择，同中方相向而行，将相互尊重、和平共处、合作共赢三原则落实到改善中美关系的行动中，争取中美关系尽快重返稳定发展轨道。?

We hope the US will listen to the voice of reason and rationality, adjust its perception of China, make the right choice, and work with China to translate the principles of mutual respect, peaceful coexistence and win-win cooperation into actions to improve bilateral relations, so that the relationship will get back to the track of steady development sooner rather than later.?

- 一段时间以来，我们听到越来越多的国际人士就俄乌局势发出理性声音。?

For quite some time, we are hearing reasonable voices on the Russia-Ukraine situation from more and more people in the international community.?

- 立陶宛政府和有关政客应当多倾听国内理性声音，从国家和人民的根本利益出发，不再充当马前卒，为个别大国火中取栗。?

The Lithuanian government and relevant politicians should listen more to the rational voices at home, bear in mind the fundamental interests of their country and people and stop being a cat’s paw for a certain major country.?

• 贸易战 / trade war?

Today’s quote:

- 打贸易战、科技战，人为“筑墙设垒”，强推“脱钩断链”，完全违反市场经济原则，破坏国际贸易规则，只会损人不利己。美方应该认真倾听理性声音，放弃零和思维，停止泛化国家安全概念，停止将经贸科技问题政治化、工具化、武器化。中方愿同美方一道努力，落实中美两国元首巴厘岛会晤达成的重要共识，推动中美关系重返健康稳定发展轨道。?

China-US economic and trade relations are mutually beneficial in nature. Starting a trade war or a technology war, building walls and barriers, and pushing for decoupling and severing supply chains run counter to the principles of market economy and undermine international trade rules. Such attempts serve no one’s interests. The US needs to listen to the voices calling for reason, give up the zero-sum mentality, stop overstretching the concept of national security, and stop politicizing, instrumentalizing and weaponizing economic, trade and tech issues. China is ready to work with the US to follow through on the important common understandings reached between the two heads of state at their meeting in Bali, and bring China-US relations back to the track of stable growth.?

Previous PRC history of the term:

- 我想强调的是，中美经贸合作的本质是互利共赢。贸易战、关税战没有赢家。美方对华单边加征301关税违反世贸组织规则，不利于中国，不利于美国，也不利于世界。?

Let me stress that to engage in economic and trade cooperation is a win-win for both China and the US. There is no winner in a trade war or a tariff war. Section 301 tariffs imposed unilaterally by the US on China violate WTO rules and do no good for China, the US or the world.?

- 历史和现实一再告诉我们，当今世界，如果走对立对抗的歧路，无论是搞冷战、热战，还是贸易战、科技战，最终将损害各国利益、牺牲人民福祉。?

History and reality have made it clear, time and again, that the misguided approach of antagonism and confrontation, be it in the form of cold war, hot war, trade war or tech war, would eventually hurt all countries' interests and undermine everyone's well-being.?

- 习近平在世界经济论坛“达沃斯议程”对话会上的特别致辞 _2021_01_25?对于贸易战，中国不愿打，不怕打，必要时不得不打，这个态度一直没变。?

China does not want a trade war, but it is not afraid of one and it will fight one if necessary. China’s position on this has never changed.?

- 《关于中美经贸磋商的中方立场》2019_06_02?开放合作是科技进步和生产力发展的必然逻辑。贸易战不可取，因为不会有赢家。

?Openness and cooperation are the sure way to achieve progress in science and technology and growth of productivity. A trade war should be rejected, because there will be no winner.??

• 中国建造 / built by China?

Today’s quote:

- 放眼世界，中国对外投资和工程承包遍布190多个国家和地区，有力促进了当地经济社会发展，广受各国民众欢迎。我相信，“中国制造”“中国建造”将为各国人民带来更多实实在在的好处。?

Across the world, more than 190 countries and regions benefit from Chinese investment and “built by China” projects, which serve local socioeconomic development and are welcomed by local communities. We believe “made in China” and “built by China” will deliver even more tangible benefits to people all over the world.

Previous PRC history of the term:

- 从中老铁路到印尼雅万高铁，从阿盟峰会主会场阿尔及尔国际会议中心到卡塔尔世界杯主会场卢赛尔体育场，越来越多的“中国建造”正吸引世界的目光。“中国建造”走出去步伐正不断加快。中国参与建设的高速公路、高铁、港口、桥梁、电站、体育场等基础设施遍布世界各地。“中国建造”追求高标准、惠民生、可持续，为世界各地经济发展与民生改善“插上翅膀”，也在当地民众中赢得良好口碑。中国对外投资和工程承包已遍布190多个国家和地区，“中国建造”越来越成为中国合作伙伴的可靠选择。我们相信，“中国建造”将持续助力各国发展，为各国人民带来更多实实在在的好处。?

From the China-Laos Railway to the Jakarta-Bandung High Speed Railway in Indonesia, from Algiers International Conference Center, the main venue of the League of Arab States Summit, to Lusail Stadium, the main stadium of the Qatar World Cup, more and more China-built projects are receiving worldwide attention. Chinese companies are going global at a faster pace and building highways, high speed railways, ports, bridges, power stations, stadiums and other infrastructure facilities around the world. These are high-standard, livelihood-oriented and sustainable projects that have served as a catalyst for local economic growth and livelihood improvement, and won high acclaim from local communities. With more than 190 countries and regions embracing Chinese investment and project contracting, Chinese companies have proven to be a reliable choice for more and more cooperation partners. We are convinced that the China-built projects will continue to help boost development and deliver more tangible benefits to the people around the world.?

Read in parallel: https://tinyurl.com/3b8be4vj