Virtual machines (VMs) and containers are both tools that can be used to run applications in a virtualized environment. However, there are some key differences between the two:
- Isolation: Virtual machines provide complete isolation between the host system and the virtualized environment, meaning that the virtual machine is a separate operating system that is installed on top of the host system. Containers, on the other hand, are isolated from the host system and from each other, but they share the host system's operating system.
- Efficiency: Virtual machines are typically larger and require more resources than containers, as they include a full operating system in addition to the application and its dependencies. This means that VMs are generally less efficient than containers, as they use more resources and require more hardware to run.
- Portability: Virtual machines are typically more difficult to move between hosts, as they require the host system to have compatible hardware and software to run. Containers, on the other hand, can be easily moved between hosts, making them more portable.
- Uses: Virtual machines are often used to run multiple operating systems on the same hardware, or to run applications that require a specific operating system or hardware configuration. Containers are often used to package and deploy applications, as they allow developers to package the application and its dependencies into a container that can be easily shipped and run on any host with the necessary container runtime installed.
Overall, VMs and containers are both useful tools for running applications in a virtualized environment, but they have different uses and trade-offs in terms of isolation, efficiency, portability, and other factors. It is important to consider the specific requirements of your application and infrastructure when deciding which tool to use.
