Viral Disease : Poultry

Diseases Etiology Postmortem Lesions Clinical Signs ND: New Castle (Rani Khait) Avulavirus Avian Paramyxovirus Type 1 A)Lentogenic=Mild Pathogenic(E.G.B1,F,Lasota) B)Mesogenic=Moderately Pathogenic C)Velogenic=Markedly Pathogenic(E.G. Milano,Herts,Taxas Gb) 1.Pinpoint Hemorrhages On The Tips Of The Glands In Proventriculus. 2.Haemorrhagic Cecal Tonsils. 3.Hemorrahagic Changes In Intestinal Wall. 4.White Spots Of Dead Tissue On The Spleen. 1. Adult Chickens: LND:Mild Resp. Signs.Decrease Egg Production.Eggs May Be Deformed, Soft Shelled. MND:Sudden Onset With Mild Depression&Anorexia.Resp. Cns Signs May Occur.Production Almost Ceases Within A Few Days .Egg Shelled Roughened,Deformed Soft Shelled . VND:Dyspnea,Violent Diarrhea,Conjunctivitis,Paralysis, &Death.Nasal Discharge.Cns Involvement(E.G.Tremors, Twisting Head & Neck,Circuling,Paresis,Paralysis,Terminal Clonic Spasms. 2.Young Chickens: LND:Sudden Resp.Signs.Gasping,Snezzing,Coughing,Rales&Nasal Discharge. MND: Marked Resp.Cns.Signs VND: Course More Acute.

IBD: Infectious Bursal Diseases. (Gumboro Disease) Avibirnavirus Birnaviridae 1.Greatly Enlarge & Swollen Bursa. 2.Presence Of Cheesy Mass Within Its Lumen , Small And Large Haemorrhages On Its Inner Surface. 3.Haemorrhages In The Thigh And Breast Muscles . C.Signs Observed After 3 Weeks Of Age. Sudden Onset.Anorexia,Ruffled Ffeathers And Droopy Apperancethat Resembles Coccidiosis.Diarrhea & Dehydration Voiding Of Blood And Straining During Defecation.Vent Picking Severe In Leghorn Than Broiler Stock.

IB: Infectious Bronchitis Corona Virus 1.Caseous Plug In Lower Trachea Or Bronchi And Air Sacs.. 2.Lungs Are Congested And Kidneys May Contain Urates And Show Gout . Baby Chicks: Coughing, Sneezing,Rales,Nasal & Ocular Discharge,Weakness, Hurdling Near Heat Sources.Mortality Is Negligible Laying Chickens & Broiler: Coughing,Sneezing,Rales,Ocular Nasal Discharge.Egg Production Drop Upto 50 % .Eggs Mischaped,Soft Shelled.Egg Albumin Watery. In Mortality Swollen Pale Kidney

ILT: Infectious Laryngotracheitis Herpes Virus 1.Trachea Is Inflamed Red And Contains Blood , It May Also Contain Cheesy Inflammatory Material . Markedly Pathogenic Ilt: Dyspnea,Loud Gasping & Sounds. Severely Effectedbirds Raised & Extended Head & Neck During Inspiration And Make Loud Wheezing Sounds.Expectoration Of Bloody Mucus,Beaks,Faces,Feathers May Be Bloody. Low Pathogenic Ilt: Hemorrhagic Conjunctivitis With Watery Eyes ,Persistent Nasal Discharge.Swollen Infraorbital Sinuses

FP: Fowl Pox Avipoxvirus Poxviridae 1.Skin Form : Severe Fowl Pox Lesions On The Comb And Wattle . 2.Diphtheric Form : Small White Nodules Or Cheesy Plaques In Larynx And Trachea . Cutaneous Form: Mild To Moderate Reduction In Rate Of Gain,Loss In Egg Production Diphtheritic Form: Lesions In The Upper Respiratory Or Digestive Tract May Result In Dyspnea .Lesions In Nasal Cavity Or Conjunctiva Lead To Nasal Or Ocular Nasal Discharge.Mortality Due To Suffocation Or Starvation And Dehydration

AI: Avian Influenza Avian Influenza Type A Orthomyxoviridae Has 2 Surface Antigens . Hemagglutinin(H) Neuraminidase(N) 16 H & 9 N Makes 144 Subtypes 2 Pathotypes; Lpai & Hpai 1.Haemorrahgic Lesions On The Skin , Liver , Spleen, Heart , Kidneys, And Lungs . Most Outbreak Are Caused By Lpai=Mostly Coughing, Sneezing,Rales,Lacrimation,Sinuses,Depression.Dec.Egg Production.Abnormal Eggshell Pigmentationand Quality. Hpai=Severe From Of Ai Seen In Chickens.Onset Is Sudden,Course Is Short,Affected Bird Quit,Signs Resp. Enteric,Nervous Diarrhea,Edemaof The Head And Face Or Nervous Disorders.

MD: Marek’s Disease Alpha Herpesvirus 1.Classical Form :Marked Enlargement Of One Or More Nerves , Mainly Sciatic And Brachial Plexus. 2.Acute Form : Tumorous Enlargement Of The Liver , Spleen , Kidneys , Gonads , ( Ovary , Tests ) Proventriculus & Heart . Blindness Associated With Lymphoid Infiltration Of The Iris . Lymphoid Infiltration Of Peripheral Nerves May Demonstrate Asymmetric Partial Paralysis Or Dilation Of The Crop Due To Vagus Nerve Paralysis.Visceral Tumors Are Depressed And Often Cachetic Prior To Death.

LL: Lymphoid Leukosis Alpha Retrovirus 1.Greatly Enlarged Liver,Spleen, Bursa Of Fabricius,Kidneys&Ovaries Are Usually Greatly Enlarged Due To Formation Of Tumors . Tumors , Pale Comp And Wattles.Enlarge Liver.Tumors Can Be Detected By Palpation Of Enlarged And Lumpy Bursa Of Fabricious .Skeletal Myelocytomatosis On Shanks ,Head & Thorax.Osteopetrosis Of Long Bones.

RE: Reticulo Endotheliosis Retrovirus 1.Severe Atrophy Of Thymus And Bursa Of Fabricious. 2.Chicken Strains Resembles Md . Feather Abnormalities Characterized By Compression Of Barbules To The Shaft In Its Proximal Portion.

AE: Avian Encephalomyelitis (Epidemic Tremor) Hepatovirus Picornaviridae Family 1.No Gross Changes In The Young Or Older Birds . In Chicks Signs Seen At The Time Of Hatch But Usually Occur Between The 1st & 2nd Week .In Chicks Signs Are Dull Expression,Ataxia Progressing To Paralysis And Prostration.And Tremors Of Head And Neck.Survivors Chicks Develop Bluish Opacity To The Lens And Have Impaired Vision.

AN: Avian Nephritis 1.Visceral Gout EDS-76 Egg Drop Syndrome Adenovirus Type 3 1.Inactive Ovaries And A Decrease In The Size Of Oviduct . Loss Of Color In Pigmented Eggs .Production Of Thin Shelled Or Shell Less Eggs.

CIA: Chicken Infectious Anaemia . Blue Wing Disease Gyrovirus Circoviridae 1.Reduction In The Size Of Thymus And Bursa Of Fabricious. 2.Change Of Bone Marrow From Red Color To Yellow Or White Color . Anemia,Pale Tissue

IBH: Inclusion Body Hepatitis Adenovirus Type -1 1.Liver Pale , Friable And Swollen 2.Small And Large Haemorrhages In The Liver And Skeletal Muscles Pallor Skin ,Comb,Wattles.

HPS: Hydropericardium Syndrome. Leechi Disease. Angara Disease. Adenovirus Gp-1 Type-4 1.Presence Of Up To 10 Ml Of Clear Fluid In The Pericardial Sac ( I.E. Under The Covering Of Heart ) . 2.Heart Looks Like A Peeled ‘ Leechi’ Fruit . 1.No Specific Sign. 2. Sudden Death 3. Yellow Mucoid Diarrhea. 4. Huddling 5. Dullness Of Feeding, Roughened Feather.

VA: Viral Arthritis. Reovirus 1.Swelling & Inflammation Of The Tendon Just Above The Hock 1.Lameness & Swelling Of The Tendon Shanks & Of Gastrocnemius Tendon Above The Hock R Early Signs