A view on Digital Twins (2015)

Recent developments in the field of BIM-M have shown that BIMs are very successful in presenting semantic information about building elements along with their geometric representation. Although the information in BIMs is meaningful, it in fact becomes stateless after the construction of the building is completed. In other words, a BIM user can find out whether a door in a building is constructed of timber, or the door has been constructed (or not) on a given date, but it is not possible to get informed on whether that door is open or closed at a certain point in time only by using BIMs or BIM-based information infrastructures. In this situation, up-to-date building information will be provided by sensors, or by a network of sensors which are monitoring the building. In the context of BIM-M, the distributed sensors and sensor networks, Internet of Things (IoT) nodes will monitor conditions such as temperature, gas levels, pollutants, humidity, state of doors and windows (i.e. being open/closed and so on), occupancies in rooms and conditions of different systems working within a building/facility. These issues will be elaborated in more detail in the following chapters of this book, in the context of IoT.

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