Unveiling the Hidden Perils of Work Addiction

As weird as it sounds, there are many individuals who are workaholics without even realizing it. In fact, research has shown that most individuals grappling with addiction are often the last to acknowledge it. Does it ring a bell?

Let's embark on defining addiction and comprehending the symptoms that come hand in hand. As outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), a cornerstone for psychology students worldwide, published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA), it encompasses recognized psychological and psychiatric disorders. Derived from this manual, the following criteria are employed to diagnose and classify disorders related to substance use.

Yes, substance use was mentioned! I know you may be thinking about substances such as tobacco, cannabis and other recreational and illegal drugs. However, let's remember that our brains also activate substances when engaged in certain activities. Hormones such as dopamine, serotonin, oxytocin, and endorphins, vital for happiness, can also precipitate addictive disorders.

A prime example of these addictions is the one cultivated with smartphones. The majority of social networks are crafted to elicit dopamine impulses in our brains. Dopamine surges when we encounter an immediate reward, like watching a short, amusing video clip. Subsequently, we keep seeking more and more until we fall prey to smartphone addiction. In essence, we are chasing additional dopamine boosts.

The example of smartphone dependence underscores that addiction doesn't solely revolve around illegal substance consumption. It extends to activities that stimulate hormone secretion in our brains, inducing pleasure. Thus, addictions to gaming, smartphones, and, undoubtedly, work, emerge.

By the way, it's worth mentioning that during my psychology schooling, we barely scratched the surface with the DSM-4, and now, they've advanced to the DSM-6. I felt a bit antiquated! But let's continue with the topic at hand: How do you ascertain if you're addicted to work?

Below, we will review the ten primary symptoms of addiction. Bear in mind that, thus far, we're addressing substance addictions. Hence, read attentively, apply your discernment, and discern the correlation between these behaviours and your work habits.

• Tolerance
• Dependence
• Loss of control
• Persistent desire or futile efforts to reduce or cease consumption
• Abandonment of significant activities
• Continued use despite physical or psychological issues
• Time devoted to acquiring or consuming the substance or recovering from its effects
• Diminished engagement in social, occupational, or recreational activities
• Continued use despite awareness of social, occupational, psychological, or physical issues exacerbated by the substance
• Withdrawal symptoms

Let's delve into each symptom and endeavor to draw parallels with work addiction. Remember, one symptom does not equate to a medical diagnosis. So, read prudently and employ the subsequent paragraphs as a tool for introspection.

Tolerance:

Previously, working overtime seemed arduous, but now, it barely fazes you. Weekends dedicated to work used to seem excessive, but now, it's routine. Does this sound familiar? Let's proceed!

Dependence:

You feel that without work, life lacks purpose. During any free moment, you find yourself engrossed in work. Even during breaks, you transform them into work sessions. Occasionally, people around you comment on your excessive work habits. Sound familiar?

Loss of control:

Before you realize it, your phone is back in your hand. You intended to search for a party address but ended up replying to work emails. Unwittingly, you find yourself re-engaged in work. Working again!

Persistent desire or futile efforts to reduce or cease consumption:

You strive to disconnect. You've attempted various methods. You intend to stow away your phone, but you can't withstand the anxiety of potential missed opportunities. You sense it vibrating in your pocket, only to find no messages. These are signals from your subconscious seeking reconnection. You recognize the need to disconnect, yet you've been unable to. You require assistance!

Abandonment of significant activities:

Have you missed family gatherings? Recreational events? Have you been informed of your absence from critical personal events, knowing you were engrossed in work? Beware; it could be a symptom of work addiction!

Continued use despite physical or psychological issues:

Your doctor advised reducing stress levels, yet you persist in working rigorously. Prescribed rest is neglected as you remain tethered to your tasks. No, it's not diligence; it's recklessness. You're jeopardizing your well-being, and you're aware of it. Continuing to work when rest is necessary is a symptom of work addiction. Incredible, yet true!

Reduction of social, occupational, or recreational activities:

Instead of socializing, you're engrossed in work. During gatherings, you slip away to send emails. You attribute blame to your boss for sending work messages when, often, you're the one reconnecting to work. Be cautious!

Withdrawal symptoms:

A patient once disclosed, "When I'm not working, I fall ill. Vacations leave me with terrible flu. I feel anxious for Mondays. I feel that without tasks to accomplish, my life lacks purpose." Beware!

How many of these symptoms resonate with you? Do you believe you're addicted to work? According to statistics from the American Psychiatric Association, nine out of ten medical consultations are related to high-stress levels, predominantly stemming from financial and work-related stressors. It's plausible that excessive work due to work addiction could elevate stress levels, resulting in illness.

It's imperative to acknowledge if you have a problem and seek professional assistance to overcome it. Emotional fulfillment and well-being are collective responsibilities.

Jaime Leal

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