The Unraveling Fabric: Are We Slowly Slipping Away from a Rule-Based International System?
In the aftermath of World War II, the global community sought to establish a rule-based international system that would foster cooperation, prevent conflicts, and ensure stability on a global scale. Institutions such as the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, and various international treaties were crafted to uphold a set of shared values and norms. However, in recent years, there has been a growing concern that the foundations of this rule-based order are gradually eroding.
The global surge in nationalist and populist movements has given rise to leaders advocating for a more unilateral approach to international affairs. The prioritisation of national interests over collective global goals challenges the essence of cooperation and collaboration. The traditional power structures that emerged in the aftermath of World War II are undergoing a significant transformation. The ascent of emerging powers, particularly China, challenges the dominance of Western-centric institutions, leading to a reassessment of established international norms.
Multilateralism, a cornerstone of the rule-based international system, is facing challenges as some nations increasingly favour bilateral agreements or unilateral actions. This shift undermines the collaborative spirit essential for addressing global challenges.
The rapid evolution of technology has introduced new dimensions to international relations, including the weaponisation of cyberspace. Cybersecurity threats and the misuse of technology have exposed vulnerabilities in the current rule-based framework.
The decision by the United States to withdraw from crucial international agreements, such as the Paris Agreement and the Iran Nuclear Deal, signals a departure from established norms of global cooperation and undermines the credibility of international accords.
The annexation of Crimea by Russia in 2014 violated fundamental principles of territorial integrity and sovereignty. The muted international response underscored the limitations of the existing rule-based order in enforcing its principles.
The territorial disputes in the South China Sea highlight the challenges of enforcing international maritime law. The lack of a cohesive response to China's actions underscores the difficulties in upholding the rule-based order in the face of powerful actors.
There is a palpable decline in trust in international institutions such as the United Nations and the World Trade Organization. Member states increasingly question the effectiveness and fairness of these bodies, leading to a reduction in their influence.
Countries are forming ad hoc alliances based on immediate interests rather than adhering to established international structures. This trend threatens the cohesion of the rule-based system as it bypasses established mechanisms for conflict resolution.
The weaponisation of economic tools, including sanctions and trade wars, is becoming more prevalent. This undermines the economic foundations of the rule-based international system, as countries increasingly resort to economic coercion to achieve political objectives.
The slow erosion of the rule-based international system is a cause for concern, as it jeopardises the collaborative efforts required to address global challenges. The factors contributing to this decline, illustrated by case studies and current trends, underscore the need for a renewed commitment to international cooperation, strengthened institutions, and a collective effort to uphold the principles that have guided the global community for decades. Failing to address these challenges could result in a more fragmented and unpredictable world order, with implications for peace, stability, and prosperity on a global scale.
Starting next week: 18th December: Premium Courses in Diplomacy:
Learn more about all our current courses: https://www.gdforum.org/gdf-academy