UNITED FOR THE PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS ADVOCACY NETWORK-SIERRA LEONE REPORT ON THE AUGUST 10TH RIOTS 8 MONTHS AFTER AUGUST’S RIOTS, NO JUSTICE YET

UNITED FOR THE PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS ADVOCACY NETWORK-SIERRA LEONE REPORT ON THE AUGUST 10TH RIOTS

8 MONTHS AFTER AUGUST’S RIOTS, NO JUSTICE YET FOR VICTIMS’:?

What happened August 10 in Sierra Leone?

On 10 August 2022, protests broke out in Freetown and other areas of the country amid mounting frustrations over the soaring cost of living. Some demonstrators called for President Bio to resign. The result was deadly, with scores of youths gunned down in cold blood, and hundreds arrested.

United for the Protection of Human Rights Advocacy Network-Sierra Leone collected testimonies alleging excessive use of force by security forces during and after the protests. Families of 27 people killed were not allowed to bury their loved ones.

Some people arrested during the events did not see a lawyer before trial.

United for the Protection of Human Rights Advocacy Network-Sierra Leone renews calls for the authorities to ensure impartial and transparent investigations for all victims.

United for the Protection of Human Rights Advocacy Network-Sierra Leone collected testimonies alleging excessive use of force by Sierra Leonean security forces to crack down on protests which turned violent in Freetown, Makeni and Kamakwie in August 2022, in which six police officers and more than 23 protesters and bystanders were killed, including at least two women.

UPHRAN-SL Staff conducted interviews with witnesses, victims’ families, government officials, members of the police and civil society organizations in Freetown and Makeni.

Even if facing violent protesters, law enforcement officials should only resort to the use of force when they have exhausted all other peaceful means of achieving their objectives. Any use of force must also be proportionate to the situation they face. In addition, United for the Protection Of Human Rights Advocacy Network-Sierra Leone calls on the Special Committee set up to investigate the events to do so promptly and impartially.

Allegations of excessive use of force in Freetown and Makeni

On 10 August 2022 and the days that followed, security forces allegedly killed and wounded protesters and bystanders at demonstrations in Freetown, Makeni and Kamakwie. A man who witnessed the events in Freetown told United for the Protection of Human Rights Advocacy Network-Sierra Leone how he discovered the body of his sister: “The police started to shoot randomly into the crowd. I was standing, I ran down to my house. Around 10am my younger sister who lives with the one who died came running and told me our sister had been killed. The first shot was on the left arm.The second one close to her collar bone. She was bleeding a lot from the neck. There was blood everywhere.” He explained that his sister was not part of the protest and was in her house when she was shot.

United for the Protection of Human Rights Advocacy Network-Sierra Leone also collected the testimony of the father of a 22-year-old woman who was not participating in the protest and yet was allegedly shot by security forces. He recalled: “my daughter was not part of the protest. She went to sell vegetable leaves.

A member of staff from a hospital in Makeni witnessed on 10 and 11 August a total of 14 people severely injured including two men who had gunshot wounds from the back, a 16-year-old girl who was shot in the pelvic area and a man with a gunshot wound near his left eye.

A protester in Makeni told United for the Protection of Human Rights Advocacy Network-Sierra Leone about the violence he experienced and what he witnessed on the day of the demonstrations. “I was arrested by [military] and handed over to the police. They used the butts of their guns, belts and protective helmets and started hitting me all over my body.

A few days after the protests, a man was killed in Makeni during a raid by security forces to arrest participants of the 10 August protest.

According to the police, he was killed during crossfire. His brother told United for the Protection of Human Rights Advocacy Network-Sierra Leone he visited the hospital where his brother’s body was being held, and confirmed from the pathologist’s statement that he had been shot from the rear: “I asked for the report, but he [the pathologist] said he was not mandated to give the report, that it was sent to the Ministry of Internal Affairs. If it was a crossfire, he would have been shot from the front not the back.”

Need for effective and transparent investigations into excessive use of force and killings of all persons.

On 24 August 2022, a Special Committee was set up by the government to investigate the events surrounding the demonstrations, but it is yet to share any findings from its investigations.

In parallel, according to the Inspector General of Police, arrests have been made over the killing of a police officer in Freetown and another officer in Makeni and in relation to cases of arson in Kamakwie. However, no official police investigation has been launched into the killings of protesters and bystanders.

United for the Protection of Human Rights Advocacy Network-Sierra Leone calls on the Sierra Leonean authorities and the Special Committee to carry out an independent, impartial and thorough investigation not only into the killings of police officers but also into the use of force by law enforcement, during and after the protests, that resulted in injury and death, and to ensure those responsible for unlawful killing, torture and other forms of ill-treatment face justice. Crucially, the findings of the Special Committee investigation must be made public for all to see.

Need for fair trials

According to the Inspector General of Police, 515 people were arrested following the protests on 10 August including about 200 for violating the curfew. The exact number of people remaining in detention is uncertain.

People arrested were prosecuted for offences ranging from malicious damage, arson, unlawful procession, riotous conduct, seditious behaviour to murder.

Two of the detainees’ lawyers told United for the Protection of Human rights Advocacy Network-Sierra Leone: “Since 10 August, we have made several efforts as a team to visit them, but all efforts have been in vain. We have made efforts at the Criminal Investigations Department headquarters to see them, but we have not been given access. We tried at the correctional center, but we were still not given access. Efforts were made by my elders, still no access. I only saw them a month later, in court, when they were charged.

The Inspector General of Police said that those arrested had access to their lawyers. “The lawyers wanted to meet the clients alone, but we said the investigators had to be present. This was before the detainees made their statement.

Detainees should have access to counsel from the outset of their detention, including during questioning.

Two women were arrested during the protests in Freetown while allegedly waiting at their place of business. According to their lawyer, the only evidence against them was the testimony of the arresting officer and that of two investigating officers who were not at the scene. Both received an 18-month custodial sentence, the maximum sentence for riotous conduct and disorderly behaviour.

“All people arrested must have fair trials. The rights of the defence must be protected and judges in first instance and in appeal should not rely only on the testimony of the arresting officer for their judgment.

6 policemen killed in the same protests were laid to rest. Their families received Le 100 million each.”

The worst fears of millions of Sierra Leoneans across the country and abroad as they 27 civilians killed during the 10 August protests.

Considering the presidential election due to take place in June, the authorities should protect the rights to freedom of expression and peaceful assembly and ensure policing responds to international and national human rights norms. The Public Order Act 1965 should be amended to expressly include exemption from the prior notification requirement in the case of spontaneous assemblies.

Lamin fofanah

Executive Director

United for The Protection Of Human Rights Advocacy Network-Sierra Leone