Understanding the vital role of 'Pen' testing ECUs in automotive ecosystems

In the fast-evolving world of automotive technology, we at FEV.io are here to empower OEMs and suppliers to develop and test vehicles that are safe, secure, and resilient in the face of cyber threats. As the automotive threats continue to evolve, the critical role of Electronic Control Units (ECUs) must be emphasized. These highly specialized vehicle computer are the brains behind various vehicle functions, ensuring safety, performance and connectivity. However, their increasing complexity and integration into the digital realm make them prime targets for cyberattacks. How can we ensure that these devices are adequately protected? That is where penetration testing comes into play - an essential proactive security measure.

WHAT IS 'PENETRATION' TESTING?

Penetration testing, often referred to as "pen testing", is a comprehensive and methodical security assessment process. Its primary objective is to simulate potential cyberattacks on a system, network or device to identify vulnerabilities and weaknesses. In the context of automotive ECUs, penetration testing involves subjecting these units to a group of tests, emulating various attack scenarios. The goal is to pinpoint security gaps that could be exploited by malicious actors and to fortify the system.

THE IMPORTANCE OF AUTOMOTIVE PENETRATION TESTING

Recent headlines have been peppered with stories of vehicles falling victim to cyberattacks. From remote control of steering and braking systems to data breaches and vehicle theft, the threats are becoming more sophisticated. Already in 2015 security researchers remotely took control of a vehicle's steering and braking systems, serving as a stark reminder of real-world implications of ECU vulnerabilities. Five years later, researchers hacked into another vehicle without any user interaction, demonstrating the risk of weak automotive security systems. And in 2023, hackers are able to continuously crack functions with a paywall barrier.

UPSTREAMS GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE 2022

Cybersecurity report states that 84.5% of automotive attacks were carried out remotely. Most of the attacks were done through the servers. As the number of EVs continue to rise, EV charging stations have become a growing battleground for attacks. As technology advances, so do the potential attack vectors, making it crucial for automotive companies to be proactive in safeguarding their products.

WHAT PENETRATION TESTING CAN DO

The importance of penetration testing in the automotive industry cannot be overstated. Here are some compelling reasons:

1. Identifying Vulnerabilities: Penetration tests reveal the weak points within ECUs and the broader vehicle network. This insight is invaluable in addressing vulnerabilities before malicious actors exploit them.

2. Regulatory Compliance: Various regions and governing bodies have introduced stringent cybersecurity regulations for vehicles such as UNR155 and ISO 21434. OEMs may have to incur fines and charges due to non-compliance and extra charges due to urgent security policies. Penetration testing by FEV.io is an essential step towards compliance and ensures vehicles meet industry standards.

3. Reputation Protection: Vehicle recalls due to security breaches can negatively influence an OEM's reputation. Penetration testing can support with the preventative remediation of vulnerabilities, helping OEMs protect their brand image, maintaining consumer trust.

4. Risk Mitigation: Through penetration testing, you reduce the risk of costly and potentially life-threatening security breaches. It is a proactive measure to safeguard not only vehicles but also the people who drive them.

HOW WE CAN HELP

1. Expertise: Our teams consist of experienced professionals with in-depth knowledge of automotive cybersecurity, hardware security, wireless security and embedded security. They stay ahead of emerging threats and bring a wealth of expertise to every project.

2. Customised Testing and Methodology: Tailoring penetration testing to the specific needs of each client. We understand that one size does not fit all so we take an approach which is both comprehensive and adaptable. Our four-phase approach guarantees the quality and thoroughness of the penetration tests that are carried out, offering vehicle level, system level and component level PEN testing services.

3. Cutting-Edge Tools and Research: Uitilizing the latest tools and methodologies to emulate a wide range of attack scenarios. Our “hackers” are focussing on uncovering previously unknown vulnerabilities, often referred to as zero-day vulnerabilities. Hence, we ensure to uncover vulnerabilities that malicious parties could exploit before they are publicly accessible, thus securing you against cyber attacks.

4. Regulatory Compliance: Our penetration testing services align with industry standards and regulatory requirements such as UNR155, ISO/SAE 21434. Based on these standards, FEV.io supports you in meeting compliance mandates efficiently in preparing for your vehicle certifications and type approvals.