Understanding the Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) Concept
Muhammad Fadzil Sulaiman
Master in Engineering Management (M.Eng) at Universiti Teknologi MARA
TOD is a comprehensive approach to urban planning that prioritizes the integration of transportation systems, particularly rail-based services, with surrounding land use. This integration fosters a symbiotic relationship where transit infrastructure acts as a catalyst for vibrant, sustainable, and pedestrian-friendly communities. The key principles of TOD include:
Mixed-Use Development
Integrating residential, commercial, and recreational spaces within walking distance of transit hubs encourages a diverse and active community. This mixed-use approach reduces reliance on personal vehicles and promotes a more walkable and livable environment [1].
High-Density Development
TOD promotes higher density development around transit hubs, optimizing land use and minimizing sprawl. This approach allows for more efficient use of resources, reduces infrastructure costs, and promotes a more compact urban form [2].
Pedestrian-Friendly Design
Creating walkable and bikeable neighborhoods with wide sidewalks, crosswalks, and dedicated bike lanes promotes active transportation and encourages residents to choose walking or cycling as their primary mode of transportation. This not only reduces congestion but also improves air quality and public health [3].
Connectivity and Accessibility
TOD prioritizes the creation of accessible and interconnected transportation systems, ensuring efficient movement of people and goods within and beyond the development. This may include a network of dedicated bus lanes, bike paths, and pedestrian bridges connecting transit hubs to surrounding areas [4].
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This approach to urban planning aims to optimize access to public transportation, increase public transport ridership, reduce the use of private cars, and promote sustainable urban growth [1]. By concentrating urban density within walking distance of mass rapid transit stations, TOD aims to develop high-quality urban public space and provide convenient and efficient access to a diverse mix of land uses [4].
In summary, TOD is a holistic approach that seeks to create vibrant, sustainable, and pedestrian-friendly communities by integrating transportation systems with surrounding land use, promoting mixed-use and high-density development, pedestrian-friendly design, and connectivity and accessibility [3].
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