Understanding the Speed and Efficiency: A Comparative Overview of 100BASE-T1 and 1000BASE-T1 Ethernet Standards

The distinction between 100BASE-T1 and 1000BASE-T1 Ethernet standards chiefly resides in their data transmission rates and the physical layers utilized for communication.

Key differences include:

Data Rate:

• 100BASE-T1 is engineered to transmit data at 100 Mbps using a single twisted pair of cables.
• 1000BASE-T1 is designed to manage a higher data rate of 1000 Mbps (1 Gbps), also through a single twisted pair.

Physical Layer:

Both standards employ a single pair of unshielded twisted wires for full-duplex communication, enabling simultaneous data transmission and reception on the same pair.

This contrasts with older Ethernet standards like 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX, which necessitate separate pairs for transmitting and receiving.

Encoding Scheme:

• 100BASE-T1 utilizes a distinctive encoding scheme comprising 4-bit to 3-bit (4B3B), 3-bit to 2-ternary pair (3B2T), and three-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM3) for efficient data transmission with minimized emissions.
• 1000BASE-T1 adopts multi-level PAM-3 coding and supports a higher data rate with a bandwidth of approximately 600MHz.

Application:

• 100BASE-T1 is customized for automotive systems to cut cable weight, reducing material costs and enhancing fuel efficiency.
• 1000BASE-T1 fits applications demanding higher throughputs, like advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS), infotainment, diagnostics, and vehicle sensor networks.

Both are integral to Automotive Ethernet, striving to boost throughput and cut costs in vehicle networks, with benefits such as reduced cabling weight, elevated data rates, low latency, and robust security features. They are vital in contemporary vehicle architectures where data transmission has surged with technological progress.