Understanding Polymorphism in Object-Oriented Programming

Polymorphism is a fundamental concept in object-oriented programming (OOP) that allows objects of different types to be treated as objects of a common superclass. This enables flexibility and extensibility in software design.

1. Types of Polymorphism:
2. Benefits:
3. Example in C#:

The provided code example demonstrates polymorphism through inheritance and method overriding.

Base Class - Shape:

• Defines a base class called Shape.
• Contains a virtual method Draw() that prints "Drawing a shape" to the console.

Derived Classes - Circle and Square:

• Inherit from the Shape class.
• Override the Draw() method:Circle class overrides Draw() to print "Drawing a circle".Square class overrides Draw() to print "Drawing a square".

Main Method:

• Creates an array of Shape objects containing instances of both Circle and Square.
• Iterates through the array and calls the Draw() method for each object.
• Due to polymorphism, the correct version of Draw() (either Circle or Square) is called based on the actual object type.

Conclusion:

Polymorphism plays a crucial role in OOP by allowing for dynamic method invocation and code flexibility. Understanding polymorphism enhances software design and promotes code reuse and maintainability.