Understanding and Living with Pet Allegeries

By Clinton Moyo

Pet allergies are common and affect many people who love animals. In this article, we will explain what causes pet allergies, how they can develop over time, and what you can do to reduce your symptoms when you are around pets.

What causes pet allergies?

Pet allergies are caused by an immune system reaction to proteins found in the skin cells, saliva, urine or faeces of animals. These proteins are called allergens and can trigger symptoms such as sneezing, runny nose, itchy eyes, coughing, wheezing or skin rashes. Some people may also have asthma attacks or anaphylaxis, which is a severe and potentially life-threatening allergic reaction.

The most common pets that cause allergies are cats and dogs, but other animals such as horses, rabbits, rodents or birds can also be a source of allergens. Some people may be allergic to more than one animal type or specific breeds of cats or dogs.

How can pet allergies develop over time?

Some people may be genetically predisposed to develop pet allergies, while others may become sensitised to pet allergens over time. This means that repeated exposure to pets can make your immune system more reactive and produce more antibodies against the allergens. The more antibodies you have, the more likely you are to have symptoms when you encounter pets.

Some factors that may increase your risk of developing pet allergies include:

- Having a family history of allergies or asthma

- Living in a home with pets during childhood

- Having other types of allergies, such as hay fever or eczema

- Being exposed to high levels of pet allergens in the environment

What can you do to reduce your symptoms when you are around pets?

The best way to prevent or reduce pet allergy symptoms is to avoid contact with the animals that cause them. However, this may not be possible or desirable for some people who love their pets or have to interact with them for work or social reasons. In that case, there are some measures that can help you minimise your exposure to pet allergens and manage your symptoms. These include:

- Taking antihistamines or decongestants before or after being around pets. These medications can block the effects of histamine, which is a chemical released by your immune system that causes allergy symptoms.

- Using nasal sprays or eye drops that contain corticosteroids or mast cell stabilisers. These medications can reduce inflammation and prevent the release of histamine in your nose or eyes.

- Getting allergy shots or immunotherapy. This long-term treatment involves injecting small doses of pet allergens under your skin over several months or years. The goal is to make your immune system less sensitive and tolerant to allergens.

- Using air filters or purifiers in your home or car. These devices can trap pet allergens and other particles in the air and improve air quality.

- Cleaning your home regularly and thoroughly. This can remove pet dander, hair, dust and other allergens from carpets, furniture, bedding and curtains. You can use a vacuum cleaner with a HEPA filter or a damp cloth to avoid spreading the allergens.

- Brushing and bathing your pets regularly. This can reduce the amount of dander and saliva they shed and keep their fur clean and healthy. You can also use hypoallergenic shampoos or wipes designed for pets with sensitive skin.

- Keeping your pets out of your bedroom or other areas where you spend a lot of time. This can create a safe zone where you can breathe easier and sleep better.

- Washing your hands and clothes after touching or playing with pets. This can prevent transferring the allergens to your face, eyes or mouth.

Pet allergies can be challenging to deal with, but they don't have to stop you from enjoying the company of animals. By following these tips and consulting with your doctor, you can find the best way to cope with your symptoms and live a healthy and happy life with your furry friends.

References:

[1] Pet allergy - Symptoms & causes - Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pet-allergy/symptoms-causes/syc-20352192

[2] Pet Allergies: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17702-pet-allergies

[3] What is Animal allergy and its possible symptoms, causes, risk and prevention methods? https://www.msn.com/en-us/health/condition/Animal-allergy/hp-Animal-allergy?source=conditioncdx