UNDERSTANDING KUBERNETES & IT'S USE CASE

?? In This Article we will Learn About Kubernetes & How It's Impacting on the Industries around the Globe.

?? Let's Begin !!

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? Need to use Kubernetes ?

?? We Have Already Learned about Docker, Containers, How to launch a Graphical User Interface Software in a Container & Also How to Create a Custom Container Images. So the Ultimate Goal of Docker is to Create Container Images, Customize & Deploy Them for Other Companies / Users to access Them.

?? What This Containers do is they?run anything from a small microservice or software process to a larger application. Suppose we have a Webserver html Page in the Container. Now User can Access this webpage Through the Containers IP address & The Port Number. So if they know these two things. Then accessing these web pages becomes easy.

?? You might have Seen while Browsing any Website like Google, etc. Sometimes you get error, maybe 404, Connection Lost, site not Reachable or any other. What these means is The Webpage whenever shows these errors means behind the scene there are chances that they've Crashed. In Similar Way, if there comes a Lot of Users, maybe billions & more to access this Webpage at Same Time. So because the Traffic will Increase, There is a chance of this webpage to Crash or the Container to be go down. For Example if Google Server Crashed, Then we all know What will be The Consequences and how it will affect the Busy Internet World. So any Industry can't Afford Such a Huge Loss.

?? So what can we do ?....We need Some one to Monitor/Manage These Containers to stay Active all The Time. Obviously a Person or a Huge Team if compared to The Internet Traffic can't continuously Monitor Them. & Here the Role of Kubernetes Comes Into Play.

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? What is Kubernetes ?

?? Kubernetes is a portable, extensible, open-source platform for managing containerized workloads and services, that facilitates both declarative configuration and automation. It has a large, rapidly growing ecosystem. Kubernetes services, support, and tools are widely available.

?? Its is Also known an container orchestration platform that enables the operation of an elastic web server framework for cloud applications. Kubernetes can support data center outsourcing to public cloud service providers or can be used for web hosting at scale.

?? In More Simple Words, Now Instead of Launching Containers using Docker, We will Now Launch Containers (In Kubernetes World these Containers Are Named as Pods) using Kubernetes & Because we use Kubernetes to Launch, It will Also Take the Responsibility to Take Care of it. So if any webpage goes Down, within a Second it will be restored with another Pod & with Exact Replica of The One which was Crashed.

?? Since we Have a Basic Idea About Kubernetes, Let's Look at Some of the Companies Which uses Kubernetes To Optimize their Work And How Beneficial This has been to Them.

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? Industrial Use of Kubernetes :

1. ADIDAS :

• Challenge

In recent years, the adidas team was happy with its software choices from a technology perspective—but accessing all of the tools was a problem. For instance, "just to get a developer VM, you had to send a request form, give the purpose, give the title of the project, who's responsible, give the internal cost center a call so that they can do recharges," says Daniel Eichten, Senior Director of Platform Engineering. "The best case is you got your machine in half an hour. Worst case is half a week or sometimes even a week."

• Solution

To improve the process, "we started from the developer point of view," and looked for ways to shorten the time it took to get a project up and running and into the adidas infrastructure, says Senior Director of Platform Engineering Fernando Cornago. They found the solution with containerization, agile development, continuous delivery, and a cloud native platform that includes Kubernetes and Prometheus.

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2. SPOTIFY :

• Challenge

Launched in 2008, the audio-streaming platform has grown to over 200 million monthly active users across the world. "Our goal is to empower creators and enable a really immersive listening experience for all of the consumers that we have today—and hopefully the consumers we'll have in the future," says Jai Chakrabarti, Director of Engineering, Infrastructure and Operations. An early adopter of microservices and Docker, Spotify had containerized microservices running across its fleet of VMs with a homegrown container orchestration system called?Helios. By late 2017, it became clear that "having a small team working on the features was just not as efficient as adopting something that was supported by a much bigger community," he says.

• Solution

"We saw the amazing community that had grown up around Kubernetes, and we wanted to be part of that," says Chakrabarti. Kubernetes was more feature-rich than Helios. Plus, "we wanted to benefit from added velocity and reduced cost, and also align with the rest of the industry on best practices and tools." At the same time, the team wanted to contribute its expertise and influence in the flourishing Kubernetes community. The migration, which would happen in parallel with Helios running, could go smoothly because "Kubernetes fit very nicely as a complement and now as a replacement to Helios," says Chakrabarti.

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3. PINTREST :

• Challenge

After eight years in existence, Pinterest had grown into 1,000 microservices and multiple layers of infrastructure and diverse set-up tools and platforms. In 2016 the company launched a roadmap towards a new compute platform, led by the vision of creating the fastest path from an idea to production, without making engineers worry about the underlying infrastructure.

• Solution

The first phase involved moving services to Docker containers. Once these services went into production in early 2017, the team began looking at orchestration to help create efficiencies and manage them in a decentralized way. After an evaluation of various solutions, Pinterest went with Kubernetes.

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4. BOOKING.COM :

• Challenge

In 2016, Booking.com migrated to an OpenShift platform, which gave product developers faster access to infrastructure. But because Kubernetes was abstracted away from the developers, the infrastructure team became a "knowledge bottleneck" when challenges arose. Trying to scale that support wasn't sustainable.

• Solution

After a year operating OpenShift, the platform team decided to build its own vanilla Kubernetes platform—and ask developers to learn some Kubernetes in order to use it. "This is not a magical platform," says Ben Tyler, Principal Developer, B Platform Track. "We're not claiming that you can just use it with your eyes closed. Developers need to do some learning, and we're going to do everything we can to make sure they have access to that knowledge."

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5. IBM :

• Challenge

IBM Cloud?offers public, private, and hybrid cloud functionality across a diverse set of runtimes from its OpenWhisk-based function as a service (FaaS) offering, managed?Kubernetes?and containers, to?Cloud Foundry?platform as a service (PaaS). These runtimes are combined with the power of the company's enterprise technologies, such as MQ and DB2, its modern artificial intelligence (AI) Watson, and data analytics services. Users of IBM Cloud can exploit capabilities from more than 170 different cloud native services in its catalog, including capabilities such as IBM's Weather Company API and data services. In the later part of 2017, the IBM Cloud Container Registry team wanted to build out an image?trust?service.

• Solution

The work on this new service culminated with its public availability in the IBM Cloud in February 2018. The image trust service, called Portieris, is fully based on the?Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF)?open source project?Notary, according to Michael Hough, a software developer with the IBM Cloud Container Registry team. Portieris is a Kubernetes admission controller for enforcing content trust. Users can create image security policies for each Kubernetes namespace, or at the cluster level, and enforce different levels of trust for different images. Portieris is a key part of IBM's trust story, since it makes it possible for users to consume the company's Notary offering from within their IKS clusters. The offering is that Notary server runs in IBM's cloud, and then Portieris runs inside the IKS cluster. This enables users to be able to have their IKS cluster verify that the image they're loading containers from contains exactly what they expect it to, and Portieris is what allows an IKS cluster to apply that verification.

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6. NOKIA :

• Challenge

Nokia's core business is building telecom networks end-to-end; its main products are related to the infrastructure, such as antennas, switching equipment, and routing equipment. "As telecom vendors, we have to deliver our software to several telecom operators and put the software into their infrastructure, and each of the operators have a bit different infrastructure," says Gergely Csatari, Senior Open Source Engineer. "There are operators who are running on bare metal. There are operators who are running on virtual machines. There are operators who are running on?VMware Cloud?and?OpenStack?Cloud. We want to run the same product on all of these different infrastructures without changing the product itself."

• Solution

The company decided that moving to cloud native technologies would allow teams to have infrastructure-agnostic behavior in their products. Teams at Nokia began experimenting with Kubernetes in pre-1.0 versions. "The simplicity of the label-based scheduling of Kubernetes was a sign that showed us this architecture will scale, will be stable, and will be good for our purposes," says Csatari. The first Kubernetes-based product, the?Nokia Telephony Application Server, went live in early 2018. "Now, all the products are doing some kind of re-architecture work, and they're moving to Kubernetes."

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7.APPDIRECT :

• Challenge

AppDirect?provides an end-to-end commerce platform for cloud-based products and services. When Director of Software Development Pierre-Alexandre Lacerte began working there in 2014, the company had a monolith application deployed on a "tomcat infrastructure, and the whole release process was complex for what it should be," he says. "There were a lot of manual steps involved, with one engineer building a feature, then another team picking up the change. So you had bottlenecks in the pipeline to ship a feature to production." At the same time, the engineering team was growing, and the company realized it needed a better infrastructure to both support that growth and increase velocity.

• Solution

"My idea was: Let's create an environment where teams can deploy their services faster, and they will say, 'Okay, I don't want to build in the monolith anymore. I want to build a service,'" says Lacerte. They considered and prototyped several different technologies before deciding to adopt?Kubernetes?in early 2016. Lacerte's team has also integrated?Prometheus?monitoring into the platform; tracing is next. Today, AppDirect has more than 50 microservices in production and 15 Kubernetes clusters deployed on?AWS?and on premise around the world.

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8. BOSE:

• Challenge

A household name in high-quality audio equipment,?Bose?has offered connected products for more than five years, and as that demand grew, the infrastructure had to change to support it. "We needed to provide a mechanism for developers to rapidly prototype and deploy services all the way to production pretty fast," says Lead Cloud Engineer Josh West. In 2016, the company decided to start building a platform from scratch. The primary goal: "To be one to two steps ahead of the different product groups so that we are never scrambling to catch up with their scale," says Cloud Architecture Manager Dylan O'Mahony.

• Solution

From the beginning, the team knew it wanted a microservices architecture. After evaluating and prototyping a couple of orchestration solutions, the team decided to adopt?Kubernetes?for its scaled IoT Platform-as-a-Service running on AWS. The platform, which also incorporated Prometheus monitoring, launched in production in 2017, serving over 3 million connected products from the get-go. Bose has since adopted a number of other CNCF technologies, including?Fluentd,?CoreDNS,?Jaeger, and?OpenTracing.

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9.THE NEW YORK TIMES:

• Challenge

When the company decided a few years ago to move out of its data centers, its first deployments on the public cloud were smaller, less critical applications managed on virtual machines. "We started building more and more tools, and at some point we realized that we were doing a disservice by treating Amazon as another data center," says Deep Kapadia, Executive Director, Engineering at The New York Times. Kapadia was tapped to lead a Delivery Engineering Team that would "design for the abstractions that cloud providers offer us."

• Solution

The team decided to use?Google Cloud Platform?and its Kubernetes-as-a-service offering,?GKE.

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10. BUFFER :

• Challenge

With a small but fully distributed team of 80 working across almost a dozen time zones, Buffer—which offers social media management to agencies and marketers—was looking to solve its "classic monolithic code base problem," says Architect Dan Farrelly. "We wanted to have the kind of liquid infrastructure where a developer could create an app and deploy it and scale it horizontally as necessary."

• Solution

Embracing containerization, Buffer moved its infrastructure from Amazon Web Services' Elastic Beanstalk to Docker on AWS, orchestrated with Kubernetes.

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?? As a Result Kubernetes?delivers and manages containerized legacy and cloud-native apps, as well as monolithic applications refactored into microservices. With Kubernetes, I've found that companies can make better use of their hardware and thus maximize the resources required to run enterprise applications.

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???So From the Above Article we Saw How What is Kubernetes & How Different Companies Use it to Optimize their Work. If you Find This Interesting then Do Follow & Connect???.

THANK YOU !!

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