The key elements of cyber security can be broadly categorized into the following:
- Confidentiality: Confidentiality is the ability to protect sensitive information from unauthorized access. This can be achieved through encryption, access control, and other measures that prevent unauthorized individuals from accessing sensitive data.
- Integrity: Integrity is the assurance that data and information have not been tampered with or altered in any way. This involves ensuring that data is accurate and has not been corrupted or modified by unauthorized individuals.
- Availability: Availability refers to the ability to access data and information when needed. This involves ensuring that systems and networks are up and running, and that users have access to the resources they need to do their work.
- Authentication: Authentication is the process of verifying the identity of users, devices, or systems. This is typically achieved through the use of passwords, biometrics, or other identification methods.
- Authorization: Authorization is the process of granting or denying access to resources based on a user's identity, role, or other factors. This helps prevent unauthorized access to sensitive data or systems.
- Accountability: Accountability is the ability to track and audit actions taken by users or systems. This helps identify and prevent unauthorized access or misuse of resources.
- Risk Management: Risk management involves identifying and mitigating potential security risks. This involves assessing vulnerabilities and threats, and implementing measures to minimize the likelihood and impact of security incidents.
- Incident Response: Incident response involves identifying and responding to security incidents. This includes detecting and containing incidents, as well as investigating and mitigating the effects of security breaches.
- Education and Training: Education and training are critical elements of cyber security. This involves educating users on safe online practices, as well as providing training for IT professionals to stay up to date on the latest threats and security measures.
- Compliance: Compliance involves adhering to relevant laws, regulations, and standards related to cyber security. This helps ensure that organizations are taking appropriate measures to protect sensitive data and information.
