Understanding 4 Key Types of Geotextiles for Construction

Geotextiles are man-made fabrics used in construction projects for reinforcement, filtration, drainage, and protection from erosion. There are four main categories of geotextiles: woven, non-woven, knitted, and coated. This guide provides an overview of each type and its applications.

Nonwoven Geotextiles.

Nonwoven geotextiles are made of thermally bonded synthetic fibers that are both lightweight and flexible. They’re used mainly for separation and filtration applications, reinforcing retaining walls, soil stabilization, and erosion control. Nonwoven fabrics offer permeability, good puncture resistance, moderate tensile strength, and superior elongation properties.

Woven Geotextiles.

Woven geotextiles are made of yarns interwoven in a regular pattern. Due to their uniform distribution, they have superior strength and dimensional stability compared to nonwoven geotextiles. They’re used mainly for protection against soil movement, confinement, subsoil drainage, and texture-controlled reinforcement purposing. Additionally, these fabrics are useful for stabilizing railway tracks.

An example of a woven geotextile is an Aramid, which is made of continuous, multifilament strands that are interwoven in a lockstitch pattern. Its high tensile strength and superior mechanical characteristics make it an ideal choice for high-traffic areas or applications that require long-lasting protection from erosion. Another type of woven geotextile is Polypropylene, which has excellent tensile strength, ductility, and low elongation characteristics—perfect for erosion control projects that involve dynamic forces such as water flow or vehicle traffic.

Pre-fabricated Geocomposite Drains.

Pre-fabricated geocomposite drains are among the most efficient drainage systems available for construction purposes. These consist of a combination of two different types of geotextiles, such as woven and nonwoven, attached to each other with a thin layer of adhesive. These fabrics can be used effectively for wall reinforcements, earth embankments, landfill liners, and tunnel linings.

Pre-fabricated geocomposite drains are particularly efficient as they are able to transport both water and air, allowing for rapid absorption and distribution of water. This allows for improved structural integrity and increased soil stability, which helps to prevent landslides. The durability of these fabrics also makes them a great option in harsher environmental conditions such as heavy rains and floods. Additionally, pre-fabricated geocomposite drains are an economical solution when compared to alternative materials and assemblies with similar performance.

Geogrid Soil Reinforcement Textiles.

Geogrid soil reinforcement textiles are plastic grids or meshes used to enhance the stability of adjacent soil structures by tightly interlocking them with the surrounding soil. These fabrics are designed specifically for use in load-bearing applications, often when there exists a discrepancy between the structure's capacity to bear loads and the soil’s ability to supply them. Geogrid reinforcements can be used for slope stabilization, retaining walls, and road construction projects.

Geogrid variations come in different shapes and sizes. They usually contain a series of openings along either direction, although woven fabrics can also be used for specific projects. The reinforcement material is made from extremely strong synthetic fibers or steel, making it far more durable against UV radiation, water damage and environmental wear than most traditional fabrics. Geogrid soil reinforcement textiles are commonly available online from numerous suppliers in one- to five-meter rolls, with the appropriate size depending on the project’s complexity and dimensions.

Considerations for Choosing the Right Geotextile for Your Project.

When selecting a geotextile for your project, consider factors such as the type of soil or structure involved, the environment under which it will be used, and its application. For instance, if you are planning to construct a geomembrane for a landfill, select an appropriate fabric that can withstand exposure to waste materials and chemicals. Similarly, if you plan on using an asphalt geotextile for road construction, determine the required tensile strength from laboratory tests.

The type of geotextile you use will also depend on the application. For instance, short-term applications might require erosion control matting or a lightweight nonwoven geotextile such as reinforcing blankets and turf reinforcement mats can be used for more permanent solutions. Different types of geotextiles are made from polymer-coated fabrics suitable for heavy-duty separation applications, while others are constructed from woven and knitted fabrics that offer better drainage capabilities. For more complex projects, complex hybrid geotextiles may be required for improved strength, durability, and protection.

Final Words

Singhal Industries Pvt. Ltd. is an illustrious geotextile manufacturer and exporter from India. They offer quality services and reliable solutions for various requirements related to geotextiles. Furthermore, they provide innovative products while using the latest technology and superior testing methods, guaranteeing the highest quality product satisfaction.