Types of Poultry Houses

Three poultry houses are working worldwide.

1. Open-sided houses: They require low initial and running expenses They have directed from East to West lengthwise direction in the temperate region because they are dependent on natural light. Their dimension as Length=100-150ft, Width= 30-35ft, and Height= 10ft. They have a wide window to enter maximum sunlight in the house. They require manual handling of approximately everything i.e. feeding, drinking as well as labor involvement. The broiler is also reared in these houses but the broiler is much more sensitive to the environment. Ultimately affecting the FCR due to poor sanitation and disinfection practices. Nowadays people kept local breeds i.e. RIR, Fayoumi, etc., especially for meat. When birds gain 1kg body weight, they sell them and earn their living.
2. Semi-control houses: They are built in a moderate environment cannot build in extreme weather and are highly used for layers. Their dimension as Length= 450-500ft, Width= 40-50ft, and Height=9.5-10ft. They also have a window with a curtain controlled by or wench system. Curtains are used to control the natural light because laying birds are highly sensitive to sunlight due to their role in reproduction. Layers can be placed in cages or on the floor. The cage has a conveyor belt to remove feces but cage layer fatigue is most common in cages. In-floor system, floor eggs require washing as well as racking of bedding material and coccidiosis is the most susceptible disease.
3. Environment-controlled houses: They are built in every season i.e. temperate, extreme due to mechanical control. Their dimension as Length=400-500ft, Width=50-60ft, and Height=9-9.5ft. Height should be less to ventilate the house efficiently. When the height is high, the warm air moves up during the winter season and requires high fuel as well as tunnel ventilation will not be proper. It requires capital cost as well as running cost but gives broiler FCR of 33-34. The big advantage of this system is less labor cost due to automatic feeding and drinking. Biosecurity is a major important which prevents diseases.

• Site selection of environment-controlled house: There will be 1) No agricultural land 2) Easily access 3) Good water quality 4) Access to marked 5) Electricity supply 6) Away from poultry logistics, population, and road 7) Away from industrial logistics.