Three Angles of Power System

Angle is one of the important quantities that determine the various aspects of the power system. Different types of angles provide vital information ranging from the power factor, direction of power flow, stress and stability of power system, generating plant stability etc.

In general, power system engineers come across three kinds of angles :

• Phase Angle
• Torque Angle (Load Angle)
• Power Angle

Each of these angles have their own roles in providing input to power system engineers and operators in controlling and managing the grid. Better the control is in hand, more safe is power system. During disturbance, these angles vary significantly and automated/manual action are utilized to ensure that they recover back within safe operating limit.

Other angles in power system are related to DC system which are firing angle, commutation angle, advance angle, extinction angle and margin angle.

Source : EPRI Power system Dynamic Tutorial, HVDC Power Transmission System by K.R.Padiyar