Thank You For Being Late
Thomas Friedman (2016).?Thank you for being late: An optimist’s guide to thriving in the age of accelerations.?Farrar, Straus and Giroux: New York
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3?explanatory journalist … I love being a translator from English to English
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3?Marie Curie … “Nothing in life is to be feared, it is only to be understood.?Now is the time to understand more, so that we may fear less.”
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3?The three largest forces on this planet – technology, globalization, and climate change – are all accelerating at once
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4?In such a time, opting to pause and reflect, rather than panic or withdraw, is a necessity
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5?“… Thank you for being late …” … Because he was late … I had “found” a few minutes to just sit and think
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13?the best-selling book of all time is a collection of stories about people.?It’s called the Bible
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13?Dov Seidman … Talmudic saying “What comes from the heart enters the heart.” … It takes caring to ignite caring; it takes empathy to ignite empathy
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14?Lin Wells … The only sustainable approach to thinking today about problems … “is thinking without a box.” … being “radically inclusive.”
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15?the Machine is being driven by simultaneous accelerations in technology, globalization, and climate change, all interacting with one another
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16?What the hell happened in 2007?
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20?the iPhone turns out to have been a pivotal junction in the history of technology
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20?On September 26, 2006, Facebook … was opened to everyone at least thirteen years old … 2007 … Twitter … was spun off … 2007 … Android … 2007 … Kindle … 2007, Airbnb … 2007, Palantir Technologies
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21?In 2007, Intel introduced non-silicon materials … into microchips for the first time
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22?2007 was the beginning of an exponential rise in solar energy, wind, biofuels, LED lighting, energy efficient buildings, and the electrification of vehicles … in 2007 the cost of DNA sequencing began to fall dramatically
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27?interlinked … the Market, Mother Nature, and Moore’s Law … more Moore’s law is driving more globalization and more globalization is driving more climate change
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28?there is a mismatch between the change in the pace of change and our ability to develop the learning systems … It now constitutes probably the most important governance challenge across the globe
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31?[Eric “Astro” Teller] Today … the accelerating speed of scientific and technological innovations … can outpace the capacity of the average human being and our societal structures to adapt and absorb them
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33?patents increasingly irrelevant in the world of technology
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33?the only way to retain a lifelong working capacity is to engage in lifelong learning
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35?“Innovation,” Teller said, “is a cycle of experimenting, learning, applying knowledge, and then assessing success or failure …”
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35?dynamic stability … like riding a bicycle
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47?“predictive maintenance” and “prescriptive maintenance.” … “… as you get that weak signal, it now becomes clear that it is an early indication that something is going to break or is becoming inefficient.”
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48-49?Joseph Sirosh … “… when the cow is in heat – the number of steps she takes picks up,” … By studying the pattern of footsteps, the farmers were able to gain early detection of eight different cow diseases, enabling early treatment and improving the overall health and longevity of the herd
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50?John Wanamaker … “Half the money I spend on advertising is wasted; the trouble is I don’t know which half.”
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51-52?Guessing is officially over.
????But so might be privacy … We need to keep a close eye on the monopoly power that big data can create for big companies
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54-60?Hadoop is now the main operating system for data analytics supporting both structured and unstructured data … Hadoop gave us the big data revolution – with help from Google
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61?Craig Mundie … “Software is this magical thing that takes each emerging form of complexity and abstracts it away.?That creates the new baseline that the person looking to solve the next problem just starts with …”
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62?APIs, or application programming interfaces … can interface with and operate on one another’s platforms
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63-69?GitHub, one of today’s most cutting-edge software generators … collaborative … the visitor lobby at GitHub is an exact replica of the Oval Office … open-source … it’s driven by a deep human desire for collaboration and a deep human desire for recognition and affirmation of work well done
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78?smartphones the fastest-growing technology platform in history?
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79?People say that in hockey you don’t go where the puck is, you go where the puck is going
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80?Qualcomm … Paul Jacobs … “We made the smartphone revolution.”
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83?instead of … “the cloud” … Craig Mundie … call it “the supernova” – a computational supernova
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85?the first words ever uttered on a telephone, on March 10, 1877
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87?Human beings as a collective … have become a force of nature – a force that is disturbing and changing the climate and our planet’s ecosystems at a pace and scope never seen before in human history.?But again, the flip side is also true … all of us acting together – now have the power to do good at a speed and scope we’ve never seen before
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88?“just in the last few years …”
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89?multiethnic … When you are competing in the global technology every day, you have to recruit the best talent from anywhere you can find it
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90?[Luana] Iorio … “complexity is free.”
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90?“The world is flat.”
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91?“Amazon … a checkout process that is virtually frictionless.”
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96?2015 … McKinsey Global Institute … “… The United States will need to adapt its institutions and training pathways to help workers acquire relevant skills and navigate this period of transition and churn.”
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98?John E. Kelly III … divides the history of computing into three distinct eras … the “Tabulating Era,” … 1900s to the 1940s … “Programming Era” – the 1950s to the present … 2007 onward … the “Cognitive Era” of computing
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99?Programmable computers … are deterministic … Cognitive systems … are probabilistic
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102?the magic of Watson [IBM, machine learning, cognitive computer] happens when it is combined with the unique capabilities of a human doctor
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103?Kelly: “In the twenty-first century, knowing all the answers won’t distinguish someone’s intelligence – rather, the ability to ask all the right questions will be the mark of true genius.”
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103-104?Tom Wujec … Autodesk is another of those really important companies few people know about
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109?Airbnb … the “sharing economy.” … the top three all-time popular Airbnb listings are tree houses
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111?Airbnb’s real innovation – a platform of trust
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112?Walmart … has been trying … to compete with … Amazon
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117?city … eastern Turkey … called Batman
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119-120?Globalization, for me, has always meant the ability of any individual or company to compete, connect, exchange, or collaborate globally
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121-122?2015 … Boston Consulting Group … commissioned a poll … Thirty-eight percent of respondents said they would give up sex for a year rather than give up their mobile phone! … the South Koreans led the way in a willingness to trade human intercourse for voice and data intercourse: sixty percent!
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128?[John] Hagel, Seely Brown, and [Lang] Davison … 2009, Harvard Business Review … “…value is shifting from knowledge stocks to knowledge flows …”
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133?2011 … Prem Kalra … How will we reach the last person – meaning the poorest person in India?
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143?Michael L. Corbat … It turns out … that a person’s voiceprint is actually more accurate than their fingerprint, iris scan, or any other means of identification
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146?On February 24, 2016, Facebook announced that as part of its “A World of Friends” initiative, it was tracking the number of relationships forged on its site by longtime foes.?Facebook said that on just that one day it had connected … 137,182 from Ukraine and Russia
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147?[William H.] McNeill … “The principal factor promoting historically significant social change is contact with strangers possessing new and unfamiliar skills.”
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149?those societies that are most open to flows of trade, information, finance, culture, or education, and those most willing to learn from them and contribute to them, are the ones most likely to thrive in the age of accelerations
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153?Unfortunately, there is also a downside to this ease of finding the likeminded … Social networks have become a godsend for extremists … But for now I see more upsides than downsides
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157?God always forgives.?Man often forgives.?Nature never forgives.?--?Saying
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158?A “black elephant,” … explained … Adam Sweidan, is a cross between a “black swan” … and “the elephant in the room …” … global warming, deforestation, ocean acidification, and mass biodiversity extinction just to name four
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159?Planet Earth, the only home we have
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161?Andrew Freedman … “The last time there was this much carbon dioxide (CO2) in the Earth’s atmosphere, modern humans didn’t exist … seas were up to 100 feet higher … and the global average surface temperature was up to 11oF warmer
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163?Johan Rockstr?m … It’s only been in the last eleven thousand years that we have enjoyed calm, stable climate conditions … the Holocene
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165?We are now in a no-analogue world.?That means we’re somewhere we’ve never been before as a human species
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168?we have organized our societies, industries, and economies on the basis of the Holocene environment
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169-172?tipping point … Rockstr?m and [Will] Steffen … identified nine key planetary boundaries … 2015 … the first boundary is climate change … The second boundary … is biodiversity … The third planetary boundary … is deforestation … fourth … bio-geochemical flows … “You need a balance of nitrogen and phosphorus,” … four other realms … ocean acidification … freshwater use … atmospheric aerosol loading … introduction of novel entities … stratospheric ozone layer
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173?we’ve … entered a new era … the “Anthropocene,”
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174?dispute … Holocene.?But for the purpose of this book we’re in the Anthropocene
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178?The countries whose populations continue to balloon because of continued high fertility but lower mortality “are also those with the highest levels of gender inequality and child marriage,” … [Robert] Walker
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179?[Adair] Turner … hugely positive developments for human welfare … merely requires high levels of female education, the uninhibited supply of contraceptives, and freedom for women to make their own reproductive choices
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179-180?Tom Burke … four numbers: 1, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 … 1 billion who have arrived at middle class or above … 1.5 billion people who are in transition … another 2.0 billion who have just recently moved to cities … And there are 2.5 billion who are the rural poor … If we cannot meet the expectations of the 1.5 and the 2.0 … they will destabilize the middle classes … Future growth and stability depend largely on creating real incomes for the bottom two quartiles of the urban population
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182?Adam Sweidan, “we have reaped the rewards of technological progress without due concern for its unintended consequences … Increased demand for goods … degrade natural ecosystems while increasing inequalities, human population displacement, and social unrest.”
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183?this is the moment, the turning point … a level of will, of stewardship, and of collective action the likes of which we have never seen humanity display as a whole
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193?2013 … John Lord … said his company’s goal was to make “lawyers obsolete” … by creating software applications
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195?Warren Bennis … the “factory of the future will have only two employees, a man and a dog.?The man will be there to feed the dog.?The dog will be there to keep the man from touching the equipment.”
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198?We have no choice but to learn to adapt to this new pace of change
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198-199?Anna Levesque … To enhance stability in rapids it’s important to move as fast or faster than the current
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200?Eric Beinhocker … distinguishing between the evolution of “physical technologies” … and the evolution of “social technologies”
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201?in 2008 … we entered a severe economic recession that also triggered severe political gridlock in Washington
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202?It is time to redouble our efforts to close the anxiety gap with imagination and innovation and not scare tactics and simplistic solutions that will not work
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204?There are still high-wage, high-skilled jobs.?And there are still middle-wage, middle-skilled jobs.?But there is no longer a high-wage, middle-skilled job
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205?lifelong learning … only one divide will matter, says Marina Gorbis … “the motivational divide.”
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206?John Hagel … ‘How does it feel to know that there are at least one million people around the world who can do your job? … How does it feel to know that there are at least one million robots who can do your job?’
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207?a new asset class … Byron Auguste … “In today’s knowledge-human economy, it will be human capital – talent, skills, tacit know-how, empathy, and creativity … and our educational institutions and labor markets need to adapt to that.”
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208?[James] Bessen … 2015 … “Employment grows significantly faster in occupations that use computers more.”
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212?at a minimum, our educational systems must be retooled to maximize these needed skills and attributes: strong fundamentals in writing, reading, coding, and math; creativity, critical thinking, communication, and collaboration; grit, self-motivation, and lifelong learning habits; and entrepreneurship and improvisation – at every level
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212?Tony Fadell … turn “AI into IA.” … turn artificial intelligence into intelligent assistance, intelligent assistants, and intelligent algorithms
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215?[Bill] Blase … our preference always is to use our internal employees.?It is more cost-effective and will generate more employee engagement and productivity
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218?[John] Donovan … you can be a lifelong employee if you are ready to be a lifelong learner
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223?Olin College … To graduate … all Olin students “must complete a yearlong engineering design project in small teams with a corporate sponsor that provides financial support for each project.?The projects require a corporate liaison engineer and often involve nondisclosure agreements and new product development.”
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224-225?Alexis Ringwald … “… the whole system is designed to weed people out, not get people in,” … ‘prepare before you apply.’
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232?The maintenance team now feel more like building technicians, not just janitors … [Ashok] Tipirneni
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238?If you are a community college administrator, these intelligent networks are a great way to learn what employers are looking for and therefore what skills you should be teaching
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239?Most good middle-class jobs today … are likely to be what I would call stempathy jobs.?These are jobs that require and reward the ability to leverage technical and interpersonal skills
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239?Walter Russell Mead … 2013 … We are going to have to discover the inherent dignity of work that is people to people rather than people to things
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239?2015 … Claire Cain Miller … “… cooperation, empathy and flexibility have become increasingly vital in modern-day work.”
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240?David Deming … “it’s the jobs that combine technical and interpersonal skills that are booming …”
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241?Marina Gorbis … “… Suppose that instead of having to come into the office, you can work at home or in a number of co-working spaces in your neighborhood, providing you with social connections, community, and the necessary infrastructure to support your tasks …”
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243?from the poll of more than one million American workers … Successful students had one or more teachers who were mentors and took a real interest in their aspirations, and they had an internship related to what they were learning in school … [Brandon] Busteed
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246?President Barack Obama … pulling back in the Middle East … had two major consequences: it abetted the rise of the Islamic State (ISIS) in Iraq and Syria, and it contributed to the massive outflow of refugees from that region into Europe.?That outflow in turn helped to create the anti-immigration backlash that fueled the British withdrawal from the European Union and the rise of populist/nationalist politics inside almost every EU member state
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246?geopolitical competition … primarily among the United States, Russia, and China
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247-248?Russia spans nine time zones
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248?the Islamic State and Boko Haram … fill power vacuums
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248?Today, the American president spends much more time managing and navigating weakness
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254?As Warren Buffet says, “You only find out who is swimming naked when the tide goes out.”
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256?Madagascar … is one of the ten poorest countries in the world
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258?Syria is the geopolitical superstorm … It’s what happens when every bad trend converges in one place
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259?The idea of state government “was invented in this part of the world, in ancient Mesopotamia, precisely to manage irrigation and crop growing,” said [Samir] Aita, “and [Bashar al-] Assad failed in that basic task.”
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263?refugees … Syria, Iraq, and Afghanistan … Senegal, Niger, Nigeria, Gambia, and Eritrea
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270?Walter Russell Mead once pointed out that after the 1990s revolution that collapsed the Soviet Union, Russians liked to say: “It’s easier to turn an aquarium into fish soup than to turn fish soup into an aquarium.”
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270?the Internet.?There is mounting evidence that social networks make it much easier to go from imposed order to revolution than to go from revolution to some kind of new sustainable, consensual order
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270-271?Dov Seidman … we now see people creating unprecedented levels of “freedom from …” … But when it comes to politics, the freedom people cherish most … is “freedom to”
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271?Libya or Syria or Yemen, or Egypt … have secured their freedom from but not their freedom to, “the inequality of freedom.”
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271?Networks undermine command-and-control systems
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272?[Alex Yong-Kang] Chow … “trust and connections” … take time to build face-to-face
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275?[Wael] Ghonim … “… we need to rethink today’s social media ecosystem and redesign its experiences to reward thoughtfulness, civility and mutual understanding …”
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276?Craig Charney … while the Internet “improves the ability to connect, it is no substitute for political organizations, culture, or leadership – and spontaneous movements tend to be weakest in all of these
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277?Richard K. Miller … “In each successive generation, a smaller and smaller number of people is enabled to affect the lives of larger and larger numbers of other people through the application of technology …”
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283?[George] Freidman … “… Islamist terrorism … the only way to eliminate this movement is for Muslims to do it …”
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285?we have to face two fundamental facts about geopolitics today:
????Fact #1:?The necessary is impossible.
????Fact #2:?The impossible is necessary
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286?what you have is a perfect example of a “wicked problem” – many stakeholders, but no agreement on the problem definition or on the solution.?And doing nothing will become increasingly unsustainable … a policy … called ADD … amplify, deter, and degrade
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289?The best long-term investment the American government could make to help stabilize the World of Disorder and widen the islands of decency there would be to help fund and strengthen schools and universities throughout the Middle East, Africa, and Latin America that promote American-style liberal arts and technical education
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290-291?Bill Gates … just about anyone who’s living in extreme poverty is better off if they have chickens … They are easy and inexpensive to take care of … They’re a good investment … help keep children healthy … They empower women … Women who sell chickens are likely to reinvest the profits in their families
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293?[Monique] Barbut … an affordable … Plan for Africa … fund a “Green Corps” … “the Great Green Wall”: a ribbon of land restoration projects
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294?Russia still really would like to break up the NATO alliance – just as NATO still really does see the most important part of its mission today as containing any possible Russian aggression.?China really would like to see the United States retreat from the South China Sea … the United States really does believe … that China doesn’t alone write the rules … for the South China Sea, let alone the Pacific
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296?a foreign policy of amplify, deter, and degrade will more often than not require us to side with the least bad over the worst
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298?Leon C. Megginson … 1963 … the species that survives is the one that is able best to adapt and adjust to the changing environment in which it finds itself
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300?2016 … Bruno Kreisky: “Social democracy was always driven by ideas … But the ideas have gone missing.”
????This vacuum could not be happening at a worse time … changes … of technology … of globalization, and environment
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300?asking … how we maximize the resilience and self-propulsion of every citizen and community
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301?let’s first try to understand the basic strategies that Mother Nature employs to build resilient ecosystems
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301?Janine Benyus, considered the mother of the biomimicry movement
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302?Mother Nature believes in lifelong learning; species that don’t keep learning and adapting disappear
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303?Another way Mother Nature produces resilience is by being relentlessly entrepreneurial … And those mutations are tested in the context of the whole system … Mother Nature is the opposite of dogmatic
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304?another of Mother Nature’s killer apps is her ability to thrive on diversity
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305?ecosystems are a community … Michael Stone … Life … “did not take over the planet by combat but by networking”
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305?natural systems have no owners, no self-interested managers
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306?Mother Nature … never confuses stability with stasis
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306?“The most resilient ecosystems and countries,” noted Glenn Prickett … “are those that are able to absorb many alien influences and incorporate them into their system, while maintaining its overall stability.”
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306?sustainable … Nothing is wasted
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306?Mother Nature believes in bankruptcy
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307?Mother Nature believes in the vital importance of topsoil … Jared Diamond … almost all failed civilizations collapsed because they didn’t steward their topsoil
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307?Mother Nature believes in the virtue of patience
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307?“healthy interdependencies” … In political terms, the United States and Canada have a healthy interdependency – they have risen together; Russia and Ukraine today have an unhealthy interdependency – they have fallen together
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308?hardwood trees are also one of nature’s most efficient tools for vacuuming up carbon out of the air and sequestering it
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309?[Leon C.] Megginson’s dictum: “The civilization that is able to survive is the one that is able to adapt to the changing physical, social, political, moral, and spiritual environment in which it finds itself.”
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310-311?Daniel Patrick Moynihan … “The central conservative truth is that it is culture, not politics, that determines the success of a society.?The central liberal truth is that politics can change a culture and save it from itself.”
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311?Ronald Heifetz … the role of a leader is “to help people face reality and to mobilize them to make change”
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312?adaptation … the difference between … learning from “the other” … and those who feel humiliated by “the other,”
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316?Edwin Land .. “A failure is a circumstance not yet fully turned to your advantage.”
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316?“pluralism is not diversity alone, but the energetic engagement with diversity,”
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317?real pluralism is built on “dialogue” … the ROI – return on investment – on pluralism in the age of accelerations will soar and become maybe the single most important advantage for a society … the only way to maintain order is through social contracts forged by diverse constituents from the bottom up
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318?Richard Florida … 2011 … diversity spurs economic development and homogeneity slows it down
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319?[P.V. Kannan] If you are running a smart company today, it is filled by people from everywhere
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320?the golden age of the Arab-Muslim world was between the eighth and thirteenth centuries, when it became arguably the world’s greatest polyculture
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321?the Republican Party in America.?The G.O.P. used to be an incredibly rich polyculture … But in recent years the Tea Party and other hyperconservative forces, also funded in large part by fossil fuel companies and oil billionaires, have tried to … turn it into a monoculture that’s enormously susceptible to diseased ideas … and opened the way for an invasive species such as Donald Trump
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321?2012 … Kauffman Foundations … U.S. … 24.3 percent of engineering and technology start-up companies have at least one immigrant founder … Reuters … 2012 … Silicon Valley … 43.9 percent were founded by at least one immigrant
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322?a culture of ownership … creates more resilience
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323?dictum “In the history of the world, no one has ever washed a rented car.”
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325?Alok Kshirsagar … if you want to solve a big problem, “you need to go from taking credit to sharing credit to multiplying credit …”
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327?national and state leadership should be about enabling the compounding acceleration of local start-ups in both the economic sector and the social sector to build resilient and prospering citizens who have the skills and institutional support to keep pace with the age of accelerations
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328-336?If Mother Nature had a political party …
1.?????a single-payer universal healthcare system funded by a progressive value-added consumption tax
2.?????topping up wages of low-income workers
3.?????pair support for free trade agreements … with wage insurance for workers impacted by free trade
4.?????all postsecondary education … fully tax deductible
5.?????roll back the 2005 “reform” of the bankruptcy laws
6.?????immigration … a very high wall with a very big gate
7.?????Internet … superfast bandwidth
8.?????upgrade … ports, airports, and grids and to create jobs
9.?????ban the manufacture and sale of all semiautomatic and other military-style guns and?… buy back
10.?major tax reform
11.?labeling on all sugary drinks, candies, and high-sugar-content fast foods
12.?review the Dodd-Frank financial reforms and the Sarbanes-Oxley accounting regulations
13.?create a Regulatory Improvement Commission
14.?limit national political campaign spending and the length of the national campaign
15.?end gerrymandering … also introduce ranked-choice voting in all Senate and House elections
16.?ensure that our intelligence services have all the legally monitored latitude they need to confront today’s cyber-enabled terrorists … elevate and expand the Peace Corps
17.?condition all U.S. foreign aid to developing countries on making progress on gender equality, and on access for every woman who wants it to family planning technology
18.?prizes … to vastly accelerate innovation in social technologies
Finally … a politics that … “is not left versus right but open versus closed,” … Craig Charney
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338?Rabbi Tzvi Marx … In the biblical view of God, He is always intervening.?He is responsible for our actions … The postbiblical view of God is that we make God present by our own choices and our own decisions
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340?Leon Wieseltier … 2015.?“There is always a lag between an innovation and the apprehension of its consequences …”??????
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342-343?“… leadership is going to require the ability to come to grips with values and ethics,” … Jeffrey Garten … Education will need a strong dose of liberal arts
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347?Clearly, what is … needed … is to think more seriously and urgently about how we can inspire more of what Dov Seidman calls “sustainable values”: honesty, humility, integrity, and mutual respect … as opposed to … “situational values”
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347?we need to find a way to get more people to practice the Golden Rule
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353?health benefits of dancing with others
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354?Vivek Murthy … compassion and love are our oldest medicines
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355?There is no better example of the choice we now have to either destroy everyone or fix everything than the choice of whether we rise to the challenge of climate change or not, noted Hal Harvey
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357?the moral work of our generation … has to start – by anchoring people in strong families and healthy communities
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359?when people feel protected, respected, and connected in a healthy community, it generates enormous trust
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359?“Collaboration moves at the speed of trust,” argued Chris Thompson
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378-379?Real pluralism never comes easy, because it has to be built not just on tolerance of the other but also respect of the other, trust of the other
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399?We think of Hubert Humphrey today as a great civil rights crusader in the realm of black-white relations, but he got his start combating anti-Semitism among whites … Laurence Jacobs
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402?[Minnesota] is not like it was – but it is still better than anywhere else.?The politics has gone sour, but the people have not … [Bill] Frenzel
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403?Walter Mondale … Minneapolis was one time called “the capital of anti-Semitism” – and we changed all that?
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404?Mondale … we always worked on making the community work, and getting the minimum wages up and spending on early childhood education
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409?the need for … community building and healthy communities that can anchor diverse populations
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413?2015 … “black people in [Minneapolis] are 8.7 times more likely that white people to be arrested for low-level offenses … Native Americans … are 8.6 times more likely to be arrested for low-level offenses than white people.”
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415?Amory Lovins … “I am neither an optimist nor a pessimist, because they are each just different forms of fatalism that treat the future as fate and not choice – and absolve you from taking responsibility for creating the future that you want.?I believe in applied hope.”
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415-417?Jeff Jacobs … The job of the [city]council … “is to get together and debate and discuss – but to do it in a way that preserves the relationship so we can get together next week and do it again.”?And the key to that, he added, was always trusting the community with the truth
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420?Alexis de Tocqueville … Civic habits and skills learned in local associations and neighborhood councils equip citizens to exercise self-government at the state and national level
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422?“Not only is it expected that we take risks and innovate, but if it fails we will regroup and go again – finger pointing is not part of the culture,” … Kari Schwietering
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424?Les Bork … “Almost all my complaints come from e-mail and I never respond by e-mail … I always call and then we meet face-to-face … “I am extending trust to them before they extend it to me.”
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426?Search Institute … “40 Developmental Assets for Adolescents” scorecard
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429-443?The Itasca Project
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430?Mary Brainerd … “… Everyone was just focused on the short term … We needed evidence-based decision making.”
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437?[MayKao Y.] Hang … It is a lot harder for me to judge someone if I have a relationship with them – and that is part of the trust building
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437?Mary Brainerd … “Are black women getting mammograms as often as white women and are African American men getting colon screenings as often as white males? …”
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448?over … nearly thirty years now … with each passing year American politics more and more resembled the Middle East
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449?leadership matters more than ever
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450?the biggest disease in America today … isolation
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451?the connections that matter the most, and are in most short supply today, are the human-to-human ones
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452?the more the world demands that we branch out, the more we each need to be anchored in a topsoil of trust that is the foundation of all healthy communities?