Technology and Science Highlights of the Week #19 July 2024
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OpenAI, the company that developed the ChatGPT neural network, announced the start of testing the SearchGPT search engine. It is planned to combine the capabilities of artificial intelligence with the search for information on the Internet.
It is planned that in the future, users will be able to receive relevant answers in the search engine with links to reliable sources, as well as answers to clarifying questions. The company spoke about its long-term plans on its website.
A research team led by the National University of Singapore has made a significant advance in energy harvesting technology that could potentially eliminate the need for batteries in various electronic devices.
They have developed a new type of rectifier that can efficiently convert ambient radio frequency signals, typically considered “waste” energy, into usable DC voltage. For example, this technology converts ambient radio frequency signals from Wi-Fi and cellular networks into usable electrical energy.
China has become the first country to design a large nuclear power plant that is resistant to accidents. This design is not applicable to existing reactors, but will become a model for future nuclear power plants, scientists are sure.
Modern nuclear reactors require powerful cooling systems. Typically, water or carbon dioxide, helium, molten metals, or salts are used for this. Cooling systems remove excess heat from the reactor core.
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The small interstellar space probes that engineers plan to send to the Alpha Centauri system in the coming decades are planned to be equipped with light sails. These sails would use the pressure of sunlight or the impact of a laser on a mirror surface to propel the spacecraft. Scientists have not yet created a fully functional prototype, so the project to send a space fleet is on hold. However, a group of Dutch researchers has announced that they have developed a tiny light sail that, according to engineers, will help humans reach the stars much sooner than expected.
Even though water is almost always in our sight, the process of its crystallization is still mysterious. About two dozen structural varieties of ice are known. Of these, only one — ice-I — forms under normal conditions on Earth. Japanese physicists have found that the formation of ice at the surface of liquid water can begin with a tiny precursor with a structure similar to “zero” ice.
Chinese scientists have found traces of water in lunar soil samples collected by the Chang'e-5 probe in 2020. The discovery could help scientists understand how water is preserved on the moon.
The Chang'e-5 probe brought nearly two kilograms of lunar soil back to Earth in December 2020. Two years later, it turned out that the samples contained traces of water. However, the samples reported now were taken from "much higher latitudes." Thanks to the new data, scientists have suggested that water molecules may exist on the lunar surface in the form of hydrated salts.
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