TCP and UDP with Animation Video.

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol):

TCP is a reliable, connection-oriented protocol used for transmitting data over networks. It is designed to ensure that data is delivered accurately and in the correct order. Here are the key points about TCP based on the provided documents:

1. Reliability: TCP is a reliable protocol, meaning it ensures that data is successfully delivered to the intended destination. It achieves this through mechanisms such as error checking, retransmission of lost packets, and acknowledgment of received data.

2. Connection-Oriented: TCP establishes a connection between the sender and the receiver before data transmission begins. This is achieved through a process known as the "3-way handshake," which involves the exchange of SYN (synchronize) and ACK (acknowledgment) segments to establish the connection.

3. Sequencing: TCP uses sequence numbers to ensure that data packets are reassembled in the correct order at the receiving end. This sequencing feature is essential for applications that require the accurate ordering of data packets, such as file downloads.

4. Usage: TCP is commonly used for applications that require reliable, ordered delivery of data, such as web browsing, email, file transfer, and other applications where data integrity is crucial.

UDP (User Datagram Protocol):

UDP is a connectionless, unreliable protocol used for transmitting data over networks. It is designed for applications where speed and efficiency are prioritized over reliability. Here are the key points about UDP based on the provided documents:

1. Connectionless: UDP is a connectionless protocol, meaning it does not establish a connection before transmitting data. It simply sends data without prior communication with the receiver.

2. Unreliable: UDP does not provide mechanisms for error checking, retransmission of lost packets, or acknowledgment of received data. As a result, it is considered an unreliable or best-effort protocol.

3. Usage: UDP is commonly used for applications that prioritize speed and efficiency over data integrity, such as real-time communication, video streaming, online gaming, and other applications where occasional packet loss is acceptable.

In summary, TCP and UDP are two fundamental transport layer protocols with distinct characteristics and use cases. TCP prioritizes reliability and ordered delivery of data, making it suitable for applications where data integrity is crucial. On the other hand, UDP prioritizes speed and efficiency, making it suitable for applications where occasional packet loss is acceptable.

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