Tackling Eczema in Winter

Eczema is an inflammatory dry itchy skin condition affecting around 20% of children. Influenced by environmental factors, winter can be a particularly challenging season for many patients suffering from eczema. Eczema is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by itchy, red, and dry skin.

Clinical observations and several studies indicate that a significant number of eczema patients experience a worsening of symptoms during the winter months. This increase in prevalence during winter underscores the need for heightened awareness and proactive management strategies.

Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by itchy, red, and dry skin. It affects people of all ages but is particularly common in children.

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

Eczema is primarily a result of skin barrier dysfunction and an abnormal immune response. The skin's ability to retain moisture is compromised, leading to dry and cracked skin that is susceptible to irritants and allergens. During winter, the reduced humidity and cold air exacerbate this barrier dysfunction. Individuals with eczema have an overactive immune response to environmental triggers. In winter, increased exposure to indoor allergens, such as dust mites and pet dander, can further stimulate this immune response, leading to inflammation and itchiness.

TREATMENT STRATEGIES

Effective management of eczema, particularly in winter, requires a multifaceted approach.

1.?Emollients and moisturizers

The cornerstone of eczema management is the regular use of emollients and moisturizers to restore the skin barrier and retain moisture.

Frequency: Advise patients to apply emollients at least twice daily and immediately after bathing.

Types: Recommend thick creams or ointments rather than lotions, as they provide a better barrier against moisture loss.

Ingredients: Look for products containing ceramides, glycerin, or urea, which are beneficial for skin hydration.

2. Topical Corticosteroids

Topical corticosteroids are the mainstay for managing acute flare-ups by reducing inflammation and itchiness.

Strength: The appropriate potency is based on the severity and location of the eczema.

Duration: Educate patients on the correct duration of use to prevent potential side effects, such as skin thinning.

3. Topical calcineurin inhibitors

For sensitive areas, such as the face and intertriginous zones, where corticosteroids might not be suitable, topical calcineurin inhibitors (e.g., tacrolimus, pimecrolimus) can be effective. Advantages include:

Less risk: Lower risk of skin thinning compared to corticosteroids.

Long-term use: Suitable for long-term management of eczema.

4. Wet wrap therapy

For severe eczema flare-ups, wet wrap therapy can be beneficial. This involves applying emollients and wrapping the affected areas with wet bandages to enhance moisture retention and absorption of topical treatments.

Eczema management in winter poses unique challenges due to environmental factors that exacerbate symptoms.

To support your skincare routine during winter and combat eczema effectively, here are some recommended products:

1. ACM Sensitélial Emollient Cream and Cleansing Gel

2. Elave Baby Intensive Cream

3. Blue Cap Cream