The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is dedicated to enhancing urban living conditions by transforming its cities into more livable spaces. This study examines necessary modifications in street design to align with the objectives of the 2030 Vision. It highlights the importance of aesthetics, accessibility, security, safety, and walkability in street design. By referencing successful streetscape design principles from around the world, the study offers tailored approaches and recommendations for Saudi Arabia. The research stresses the need to improve the visual appeal of urban environments to enhance the quality of life for residents and cities alike.
Urban planners and designers are encouraged to acknowledge the vital role of well-designed streetscapes and to explore sustainable design methods that prioritize pedestrian needs. Streets that are responsive to their environment can assist cities in addressing climate change challenges. Global initiatives, including the UN Sustainable Development Goals, have increased the emphasis on environmental sustainability, greenhouse gas emissions, and global warming. Now is the time to advocate for the environmental benefits of well-designed streets, as highlighting these advantages can attract investments in sustainable street projects, supporting a city’s environmental goals.
- Microclimate: Incorporating street trees and landscaping can improve local climates and reduce urban heat islands, decreasing reliance on energy-intensive air conditioning in vehicles and nearby buildings.
- Noise Reduction: Urban trees can help mitigate noise pollution.
- Air Quality: Streets designed for pedestrians, cyclists, and public transit can lower the number of personal vehicles, thus reducing emissions and enhancing air quality.
- Water Management: Implementing green infrastructure and native plant species in streets can effectively manage stormwater and reduce irrigation needs.
- Health and Safety: Urban trees and vegetation have been linked to reduced stress and aggression in urban areas, contributing to lower crime rates.
- Energy Efficiency: Street projects can boost a city's energy and resource efficiency by using recycled materials, low-impact technologies, and renewable energy sources.
To tackle the identified challenges, the Ministry of Municipal and Rural Affairs (MoMRA) should create guidelines for developers. Several recommendations are proposed to enhance the planning and design of streets like Faisal bin Fahad Street, making them more livable:
- Understanding Users: It is crucial to understand the needs and usage patterns of street users. Planners should consider preferences and ensure that streets accommodate everyone, including those with special needs, such as parents with strollers.
- Aesthetics: Observations of Jeddah streets indicate a lack of visual appeal due to poor material choices, sign placement, and insufficient streetscape elements. Strict regulations should be applied to shop signage and construction materials to enhance the visual landscape.
- Planting: A variety of plants should be used for different functions. Although palms are prevalent in Saudi cities, larger trees are necessary for shade and pedestrian comfort, especially in hot weather. Utilizing native plants can conserve water, and rain gardens can be designed for stormwater management.
- Lighting: A comprehensive lighting plan should be developed, providing varying levels of illumination based on street scale and activities. Solar-powered lighting can also help reduce electricity consumption.
- Site Furniture: Thoughtful selection and coordination of site furniture elements, such as signs, benches, and bins, will create a unified identity for the street. Regular maintenance is essential for these elements.
- Pavement: Durable and robust materials should be selected based on location and intended activities, with careful attention to color coordination with other street elements.
- Accessibility and Walkability: Streets should support various transportation modes, ensuring that sidewalks are free of obstacles. The concept of walkability must be integrated into planning to connect streets to neighborhood activities and facilities.
- Security and Safety: Regulations regarding crosswalks should be enforced, and community awareness campaigns should educate drivers about pedestrian safety. Thoughtful street layouts are needed to identify safe crossing points and separate pedestrians from traffic.
- Activities: Streets should be viewed as essential public spaces, not just corridors for movement. This shift in perspective requires an understanding of the diverse activities that streets can support based on their urban context.
As countries worldwide strive for a more sustainable future, Saudi Arabia is leading efforts to revolutionize its transportation sector through sustainable transport strategies. This initiative aligns with the Kingdom’s Vision 2030, which emphasizes economic diversification, technological innovation, and environmental sustainability. The push for sustainable transport marks a significant transition from traditional modes to greener, more efficient systems. This analysis explores the transformation of Saudi Arabia’s transport sector, highlighting the integration of sustainable practices aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing energy efficiency, and promoting a healthier environment.
