Speaking Truth to Power: Islamic Rules for Protests

Protests are crucial in addressing societal injustices and align closely with the Islamic principles of enjoining good and forbidding evil. Speaking up for justice is a core tenet of Islam, as highlighted by the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him): “When you see evil, change it by your hand; if you cannot, then by your speech; and if you cannot, then hate it in your heart, and this is the weakest of faith.” Numerous scholars have declared that participating in protests for legitimate Islamic causes is not only permissible but also encouraged. This article explores the Islamic perspective on protests and the collective obligation to defend oppressed Muslims.

Enjoin Good and Forbid Evil

Protests serve as a powerful tool to enjoin good and forbid evil. Islamic teachings emphasize the duty to speak out against injustice. Leading scholars have affirmed that protesting against oppression is an obligation for Muslims. This duty becomes even more significant when such actions can lead to tangible benefits, like influencing policy changes or raising awareness about injustices, such as those faced by Palestinians in Gaza. Supporting protests with faith and trust in Allah is a meritorious act, even if immediate benefits are not apparent.

Fulfilling the Collective Obligation

Defending oppressed Muslims is a collective obligation (*fard kifayah*). When a collective duty is neglected, it becomes an individual obligation. Protests and encampments, while often distant from the actual sites of oppression, are vital in supporting these efforts. They require coordination, education, and leadership, akin to the historical concept of ribā?—holding the line against aggression. Today, supporting Gaza through protests and raising public awareness is viewed as a modern form of ribā?, one of the most meritorious acts in Islam.

Maintaining Islamic Etiquette

While participating in protests, it is essential to maintain Islamic principles. Avoiding unlawful actions, ensuring prayers are not missed, and showcasing Islamic values through da?wa (invitation to Islam) can inspire others. Protests provide an opportunity to demonstrate the strength of faith and trust in Allah. For instance, at Ohio State University, Muslim students praying ?Isha became the center of a protest, with non-Muslim students protecting them and chanting, “Let them pray!” This exemplifies how protests can also serve as a platform for interfaith solidarity and understanding.

Building Intentional Alliances

The involvement of non-Muslims in protests can enhance their effectiveness and does not diminish the reward for Muslims who participate. The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) received support from non-Muslims, such as his uncle Abu Talib and the pagan chief al-Mu??im b. ?Adiyy. These alliances were based on natural virtue, a sense of justice, and family ties. Today, non-Muslims participating in protests against injustice show solidarity and a shared commitment to human rights. This collaboration can lead to a greater understanding and appreciation of Islamic values.

## Recognizing the Right to Oppose Injustice

Civil disobedience is a recognized and honorable tradition in addressing societal injustices. Historical movements against colonialism, racial segregation, and apartheid have shown the power of grassroots protests. While some may fear legal repercussions or misunderstand the Islamic perspective on protests, it is crucial to remember that unjust laws supporting oppression are not binding in Islam. Protests can prevent greater violence and highlight the need for change, serving as a peaceful alternative to total acquiescence or violent rebellion.

Staying Focused on the Cause

Muslims should guide protests to remain peaceful and focused on the cause of justice. Despite attempts by adversaries to disrupt or discredit them, maintaining patience and adhering to Islamic values is essential. These protests aim not to destroy the government or harm individuals but to advocate for justice and raise awareness. Ensuring that protests are conducted in an Islamic manner can enhance their effectiveness and integrity.

Putting Trust in Allah

Prayer is a fundamental aspect of Islamic activism. During times of grief and calamity, the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) includes the Qunūt Nāzilah—supplications for calamities. Whether at protests or in personal prayers, relying on Allah through supplication distinguishes Muslims. Persisting in prayer and action against tyranny reflects the Islamic commitment to justice. The Quran emphasizes this duty: “O you who have believed, stand firm for Allah, witnesses in justice, and do not let the hatred of a people prevent you from being just. Be just; that is nearer to righteousness. And fear Allah; indeed, Allah is Acquainted with what you do” (Quran 5:8).

Conclusion

Participating in and supporting protests against oppression is a significant aspect of Islamic duty. These actions fulfill collective obligations, showcase Islamic values, and align with historical traditions of standing against tyranny. By maintaining Islamic etiquette, building alliances, and putting trust in Allah, Muslims can effectively advocate for justice and support their oppressed brethren. In doing so, they uphold the principles of enjoining good and forbidding evil, staying true to the teachings of Islam.

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