Sound in Motion: Exploring the Science and Applications of Microphone Sensors

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What is a microphone?

A Microphone sensor helps an electronic product capture sound waves to process. Microphones are transducers which convert sound energy into electrical energy. Modern day consumer portable electronic devices such as tablets, smartwatches, mobile phones, earbuds, Headphones and laptops widely use board-level microphone sensors for various reasons.

Working Principle

The working principle of this sensor is related to human ears. Because human eye includes a diaphragm and the main function of this diaphragm is, it uses the vibrations and changes into signals. Whereas in this sensor, it uses a microphone and the main function of this is, it uses the vibrations and changes into current otherwise voltage.

Generally, it includes a diaphragm which is designed with magnets that are twisted with metal wire. When sound signals hit the diaphragm, then magnets within the sensor vibrates & simultaneously current can be stimulated from the coils.

Features

The features of the sound sensor include the following

• These sensors are very simple to use
• It gives analog o/p signal
• Simply incorporates using logic modules on the input area

Specifications

The specifications of the sound sensor include the following

• The range of operating voltage is 3.? V
• The operating current is 4~5 mA
• The voltage gain 26 dB ((V=6V, f=1kHz)
• The sensitivity of the microphone (1kHz) is 52 to 48 dB
• The impedance of the microphone is 2.2k Ohm
• The frequency of m microphone is16 to 20 kHz
• The signal to noise ratio is 54 dB

Applications

The applications of the sound sensor include the following.

This sensor can be used to build various electronic projects with the help of an Arduino board. For instance, this project uses a grove sensor, which fundamentally gives your Arduino’s ears. In this project, a microphone can be attached to an analog pin of the board. This can be used to notice the noise level within the nearby surroundings.