Some Challenges faced by steel industries in India

Lack of capital- large capital investments are required in the iron and steel sector, which a developing country like India cannot afford. Many of the public sector integrated steel factories were built with the help of foreign aid. This significantly raises the cost of steel structure building.

Low productivity- India has one of the lowest per capita labor productivity rates in the world, at 90–100 t. In comparison, a small mill in the United States employs less than 300 people to produce 1.2 million metric tons of hot-rolled coils. In India, a comparable plant employs 5,000 people. As a result, there is an urgent need to boost productivity, which necessitates retraining and reconstruction of the labor force.

Lack of technology- Throughout the 1960s and up to the mid-1970s oil crisis, the Indian steel industry was characterized by remarkable technological efficiency. This technology was mostly imported from other countries. However, following the oil crisis, a rapid increase in fuel prices and an increase in other costs connected to steel production inputs lowered the profit margins of the country's steel factories. As a result, investment in technical breakthroughs has decreased. A ton of saleable steel requires less than 1.1 tons of basic steel in nations such as Japan and Korea. The average in India remains high, at 1.2 tons.

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