SODIUM-ION BATTERY
DARWIN SIBI RAJAN J
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The?sodium-ion battery?(NIB?or?SIB) is a type of?rechargeable battery?that uses?sodium?ions?(Na+) as its?charge?carriers. Its?working principle?and?cell construction?in some case are similar to those of?lithium-ion battery?(LIB) types, but replace lithium with?sodium. SIBs received academic and commercial interest
in the 2010s and 2020s, largely due to the uneven geographic distribution, high
environmental impact and high cost of many of the materials required for
lithium-ion batteries. Chief among these are?lithium,?cobalt,?copper?and?nickel, which are not strictly required for many types
of sodium-ion batteries.?The largest advantage of sodium-ion batteries is
the natural abundance of sodium.?Challenges to adoption of SIBs include
low?energy density?and insufficient?charge-discharge cycles.
History
Sodium-ion battery development took place in the 1970s and early 1980s. However, by the 1990s, lithium-ion batteries had more demonstrated commercial promise, causing interest in sodium-ion batteries to decline.In the early 2010s, sodium-ion batteries experienced a resurgence, driven largely by the increasing cost of lithium-ion battery raw materials
Materials
Due to the physical and electrochemical properties of sodium, SIBs require materials other than those used for LIBs
Why are sodium-ion batteries better?
Sodium-ion Battery: Which Is a Better Alternative? Sodium is more than 500 times more abundant than lithium, which is available in a few countries. Sodium-ion battery?charges faster than lithium-ion variants and have a three times higher lifecycle.