Smart City

A smart city is a technologically modern urban area that uses different types of electronic methods, voice activation methods and sensors to collect specific data.?

A smart city uses information and communication technology (ICT) to improve operational efficiency, share information with the public and provide a better quality of government service and citizen welfare.?

Six Big Ideas that a Smart City Needs?-

• Spark a revolution in electric and networked transport: ...??
• Facilitate official paperwork from the mobile phone: ...??
• Control the expenditure of electricity: ...??
• Enhance the smart healthcare system: ...??
• Provide open and transparent data: ...??
• Commit to 'programmed' education..

?Smart City shall be put into 6 domains: Smart Economy, Smart Mobility, Smart Governance, Smart Environment, Smart People and Smart Living.?

?The smart economy as an economy that 'incorporates factors surrounding economic competitiveness, such as innovation, entrepreneurship, trademarks, labor market productivity and flexibility, and the integration of the national market'.?

Smart economy is that is based on technological innovation, resource efficiency, sustainability and high social welfare as engines for success. It adopts innovation, new entrepreneurial initiatives, increases productivity and competitiveness with the overall goal of improving the quality of life of all citizens.?

?A defining feature of a smart city is Smart Mobility – a revolutionary approach to commuting which promises the citizens affordable, multiple modes of transportation, including rapid mass transit systems, on-demand mobility solutions, ride-sharing, vehicle-sharing, electric vehicles, biking, walking, and even more.?

?Smart Governance is one dimension of Smart Cities, it relies on good governance such as open (i.e. transparent), accountable, collaborative (i.e. involving all stakeholders) and participatory (i.e. citizens' participation) principles and on Electronic Government (e-Government).?

Smart Governance or smart e-governance as the “use of technology and innovation to facilitate and support enhanced decision-making and planning within governing bodies”. It is often associated with improving the democratic processes and transforming the ways that public services are delivered.?

The advantages of smart governance are??providing better information and service delivery; Increasing government transparency in order to reduce corruption; Reinforcing political credibility and accountability; and. Promoting democratic practices through public participation and consultation.?

?Smart Environment: Smart solutions for the environment consist of smart systems for managing environmental quality, irrigation, waste, photovoltaics, lighting, weather station and water supplies. Its objective is to improve energy efficiency and the quality of the environment in cities.?

?What are the characteristics of smart environments??

• Remote control of devices, like power line communication systems to control devices.?
• Device Communication, using middleware, and Wireless communication to form a picture of connected environments.?
• Information Acquisition/Dissemination from sensor networks.?
• Enhanced Services by Intelligent Devices.?

?“Smart People” solutions support the creation of an accessible and inclusive environment to increase prosperity and innovation within a city or community. Participation, open-mindedness, and creativity are some aspects that are enabled or nurtured by implementing intelligent solutions.?

?Smart Living is a trend encompassing advancements that give people the opportunity to benefit from new ways of living. It involves original and innovative solutions aimed at making life more efficient, more controllable, economical, productive, integrated and sustainable.?

?What are the technologies utilize in Smart city??

Alongside the IoT solutions, smart cities also use technologies including:?

• Application Programming Interfaces (APIs)?
• Artificial Intelligence (AI)?
• Cloud Computing Services.?
• Dashboards.?
• Machine Learning.?
• Machine-to-Machine Communications.?
• Mesh Networks.?

?Cloud-based IoT applications receive, analyze, and manage data in real-time to help municipalities, enterprises, and citizens make better decisions that improve quality of life. Citizens engage with smart city ecosystems in various ways using smartphones and mobile devices and connected cars and homes.?

?Smart cities use IoT devices such as connected sensors, lights, and meters to collect and analyze data. The cities then use this data to improve infrastructure, public utilities and services and more.?

In smart city, IoT uses smart devices designed for sensors and actuators. The purpose of the sensory devices are to collect data and send it to a robust cloud control platform. Actuators allow devices to work, for example, by adjusting lights, reducing the flow of water in a pipe with leaks, and so on.?

IoT is helping to enhance the transformation of municipalities into “smart cities” all over the world with its enormous potential. The positive results include enhanced traffic management, increased safety, reduced levels of pollution, low energy consumption, and better quality of life for inhabitants.?

?Working with APIs allows users to connect directly to the data they need without repeatedly searching through the huge volume that is produced. APIs can also help connect data and devices together to create a unique, shared information system that smart city services can be build on.?

?Smart cities can use artificial intelligence to see their effect on the local environment, global warming, as well as the pollution level. Using AI and machine learning within pollution control and energy consumption, allows authorities and cities to make well informed decisions that are best for the environment.?

AI in the context of Smart Cities may process personal data (e.g. in delivering and monitoring the use of power in an individual's home, or monitoring the movements of and serving relevant adverts based on geo-location to potential consumers moving around the urban landscape).?

?Big data plays an important role in a smart city. Cities can process data from IoT devices and sensors to recognize patterns and needs. The analysis can reduce the number of road accidents and congestion and help drivers find parking spots.?

?Smart City technologies promote cloud-based and Internet of Things (IoT) based services in which real-world user interfaces use smart phones, sensors and RFIDs. Cloud computing and IoT are presently two most important ICT models that are shaping the next generation of computing.?

?In the context of smart cities, the most used visualization tools are dashboards. “Dashboards visualize a consolidated set data for a certain purpose which enables users to see what is happening and to initiate actions.?

Smart City dashboards are to visualize city's performance on strategic policy areas such as sustainable mobility, energy efficiency, air pollution, etc. Therefore, they use indicators and indices as quantitative means to display performance.?

?The use of smart meters while adopting the water management systems using ML technology tracks the water consumption for each house and industry. The Machine Learning data is then analyzed to improve water distribution across cities reducing water wastage.?

?Machine to Machine (M2M) can be described as technologies which allow both wired and wireless systems to communicate with other devices of the same ability.M2M brings several benefits to industry and business since it can be used in a wide range of applications for monitoring and control purposes. It is expected that M2M technologies when combined with smart phones will become integral elements in smart homes. Accordingly, in this study, a sample application of M2M technologies is presented. In the presented application, using temperature data provided by sensors, the smart air conditioner automatically adjusts itself. Although the presented application is just a simple example of how M2M can be used, it has the potential of affecting all areas improving our day to day life.?

?To monitor traffic flows more effectively, the video cameras are strategically placed on traffic signal poles at intersections throughout the city and connect directly to the city's network via the wireless mesh nodes.

Edge computing process, where in which computers are located on or close to the end-points and sensors that they manage; at the 'edge' of the network. This means decisions can be made in real-time by the devices themselves rather than sending data on to another computer for processing.?Edge computing-based Vehicle-to-Cloud solutions enable edge cloud capabilities for different levels of autonomous driving through different services (e.g. high definition real-time maps, real-time traffic monitoring and alerts.?

??In Smart City, Smart buildings incorporate advanced digital technologies, algorithms and analytics, to bring new and significant value to tenants, building owners and operators. These benefits range from increased tenant productivity and safety, lower operating costs, and higher satisfaction.?

?Smart city benefits?

• Air quality tester. Safer cities. Smart city technology like Wi-Fi, IoT, and surveillance cameras can improve resident safety and increase incident response times. ...?
• Surveillance camera. Upgraded infrastructure. ...?
• Strain gauge. Better citizen collaboration and feedback.?

?A smart city is one that provides core infrastructure and quality of life to its citizens with a clean and sustainable environment. A smart city is driven by smart devices, machines and methods and includes energy conservation and efficiency processes as well.?

?Advantages of Smart Home in a Smart & Hi-Tech City?

• Keeps Your Home Secure. One of the greatest benefits of a home automation system is automated door locks. ...?
• Saves Time. ...?
• Saves Money and Energy. ...?
• Ensures Your Children's Safety. ...?
• Gives You Complete Peace of Mind.?

?Increase productivity: The enhanced productivity is derived from lowering costs and/or enlarging benefits. This can happen both at individual and institutional levels. For instance, commuters can save travel time by real-time information from an urban traffic information system (UTIS) and a smart grid can minimize energy loss in?transmission.

?Smart cities (the smart destination) provide mobility, resource allocation and availability and sustainable quality of life to their residents, and further facilitate tourism with integrated smart surroundings, enhancing the experience of visitors.?

?Connectivity, the smart city feature of having every device connected to each other, improves the city's performance and this is strongly connected to its economy. More Inflow of Talent, attracted by the safer, happier environment of the smart city, leads to a rise in the GDP and overall economy of the city.?