SELF REINFROCED NOZZLES

Self-reinforced nozzles are a type of nozzle that can withstand design conditions and external loads without additional reinforcement. This means they do not require auxiliary elements such as built-up nozzles. They are constructed with full-penetration welds between their own components and the vessel, and do not have any additional pads attached. As such, they are also known as integrally reinforced nozzles.

There are several configurations of self-reinforced nozzles, including Long Welding Neck (LWN), variable hub thickness, and standardized thickness pipe. However, the decision to use a self-reinforced nozzle depends on various factors such as pressure, temperature, the presence of variable loads, and high external loads due to connection with a pipe.

Although self-reinforced nozzles are often used in severe or critical service conditions, it is important to eliminate stress concentrators as much as possible. Additionally, design and calculation criteria for self-reinforced nozzles may differ from those of built-up nozzles.

While self-reinforced nozzles may be the ideal solution in some cases, their use can also increase costs, especially if they are fabricated from forged material. Therefore, it is important to optimize their design to avoid excessive costs.